Exposures to airborne particulate matter and adverse perinatal outcomes: a biologically plausible mechanistic framework for exploring potential

Abstract

Abstract

Environmental Pollution and Health Consequences

“…Oxidative stress, mediated, e.g., by PM [ 21 ], plays an important role in adverse pregnancy outcomes (Fig. 17.1 , [ 22 ]).…”

Maternal Exposure to Particulate Air Pollution and Engineered Nanoparticles: Reproductive and Developmental Effects

“…Epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to environmental air pollutants (especially particulates) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as premature birth, reduced birth weight, small size for gestational age (Shah & Balkhair, 2010) and stillbirth (Pope et al, 2010). Several mechanisms, including particle induced oxidative stress and pulmonary and placental inflammation, have been suggested (Kannan et al, 2007). DNA damage is reported to increase after maternal exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy, reviewed in (Kannan et al, 2007).…”

“…Several mechanisms, including particle induced oxidative stress and pulmonary and placental inflammation, have been suggested (Kannan et al, 2007). DNA damage is reported to increase after maternal exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy, reviewed in (Kannan et al, 2007). Effects include increased total DNA adducts in placental tissue (Šrám et al, 1999), bulky DNA adducts and micronuclei in umbilical blood of newborns (Pedersen et al, 2009), and stable chromosomal aberration frequencies in cord blood (Bocskay et al, 2005).…”

A perspective on the developmental toxicity of inhaled nanoparticles

“…That potential developmental toxicity has received little attention seems particularly odd in the view of emerging recognition of health effects by exposure to ambient air pollution and the role that ultrafine particles (i.e., particles with dimensions toward the nanoscale) may play [17][18][19][20].…”