Development and dry mass accumulation in callalily at the initial cultivation stage

Abstract

The cultivation of the calla lily, despite its importance in the floriculture sector, is still limited due to the lack of knowledge of basic production techniques such as development and dry mass accumulation. These techniques facilitate more appropriate management, especially regarding the application of fertilizers, providing better nutrients utilization and greater yields. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the growth and development of calla lily plants, establishing growth curves according to dry mass accumulation. Acclimatized and micropropagated calla lily plantlets were grown in plastic pots containing coconut fiber as a substrate and fertilized with a modified formula of Malavolta. Treatments consisted of assessments at intervals of 30 days for 7 months. The design was in randomized blocks with four replications, in a total of 28 plots. Plants were evaluated by observing their growth characteristics and development of shoots, rhizome, roots, as well as production and flower quality. Development of the plants increased throughout the experimental period, with the maximum dry mass accumulation occurring at the end of the experimental period. Blooming was constant with the length of flower stalks increasing with along with the age of the plant.Index terms: Zantedeschia aethiopica, floriculture, growth, production. RESUMOO cultivo de Zantedeschia aethiopica, apesar de sua importância no segmento da floricultura, ainda é limitado pelo reduzido conhecimento em técnicas básicas de produção, como o desenvolvimento e acúmulo de massa seca. Essas informações permitem um manejo mais adequado, sobretudo referente à aplicação de fertilizantes, proporcionando melhor aproveitamento de nutrientes e maiores produções. Dessa forma, neste estudo, objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de copo-de-leite, estabelecendo curvas de crescimento, considerando o acúmulo de massa seca. Para tanto, mudas micropropagadas e aclimatizadas de copo-de-leite foram cultivadas em vasos plásticos contendo como substrato fibra de coco e adubadas com a formulação modificada de Malavolta. Foram realizadas avaliações com intervalos de 30 dias, durante 7 meses, nos quais consistiram os tratamentos. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 4 repetições, totalizando 28 parcelas. As plantas foram avaliadas quanto às características de crescimento e desenvolvimento da parte aérea, rizoma, raízes, além de produção e qualidade das inflorescências. O desenvolvimento das plantas de copo-de-leite foi crescente ao longo do período experimental, sendo que o máximo acúmulo de massa seca total ocorreu ao final do período analisado. O florescimento foi constante com aumento do comprimento das hastes florais proporcional à idade das plantas.Termos para indexação: Zantedeschia aethiopica, floricultura, crescimento, produção.

Semihydroponic and ebb-and-flow systems for calla lily cultivation

“…Substrates with smaller spaces between particles retain more water and nutrients, which has been shown to favor the development of calla lily (Figure 3). The length of the calla lily leaves grown in vermiculite or sand was quite satisfactory, and they grew fast, compared to plants grown in a traditional cultivation system for a longer time (Carneiro et al, 2011 andSouza et al, 2010). However, when grown in phenolic foam or expanded clay, the length of the leaves, 17.8 cm, resembled the 16.79 cm reported in plants grown in water with nutrient solution (Almeida et al, 2015).…”

“…Plants grown in coconut fiber in the ebb-and-flow system produced four leaves on average. Carneiro et al (2011) observed, at 75 days of cultivation of calla lily on a coconut fiber substrate in a greenhouse, approximately 14 leaves per plant. This difference may be a consequence of the propagation material used because Carneiro et al (2011) started cultivation with seedlings, while rhizomes were used here.…”

“…Carneiro et al (2011) observed, at 75 days of cultivation of calla lily on a coconut fiber substrate in a greenhouse, approximately 14 leaves per plant. This difference may be a consequence of the propagation material used because Carneiro et al (2011) started cultivation with seedlings, while rhizomes were used here. Also, the substrates used were different, affecting plant development.…”

“…It is noteworthy that the development of calla lily plants in a conventional production (cultivation in soil) system increases development and flower production (Carneiro et al, 2011). Regarding nutritional requirements, N, B, and S are the most demanded by calla lily plants (Almeida et al, 2015).…”

Morfologia radicular de Zantedeschia influenciada pela deficiência múltipla de nitrogênio e fósforo

“…In the development of this species, Carneiro et al (2011) observed there is an increment in the root production; after 210 days, 18.83% of the amount of dry mass accumulation in the plant occurs in the root system. Almeida et al (2009) also observed differences in dry mass production in roots of calla lily plants cultivated with different doses of silicon, demonstrating the influence of nutrients in the development of the root structure.…”