Mancha fisiologica e produtividade do mamão Tainung 01: efeito da lâmina de irrigação e cobertura do solo

Abstract

RESUMONesse experimento avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes lâminas de irrigação e coberturas do solo, sobre a incidência da mancha fisiológica do mamão e aspectos de produção do mamão cv. Tainung 01, no período de dezembro de 2003 a novembro de 2004. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial. Quando as interações foram significativas desdobraram-se as mesmas e efetuaram-se as comparações das médias, via Teste Tukey. Os resultados encontrados demonstram uma alta correlação entre os fatores estudados e a época de colheita. Com relação à mancha fisiológica do mamoeiro confirmou-se o aspecto sazonal de incidência, sendo que, a cv. Tainung 01 apresentou a maior incidência do distúrbio, nos meses de setembro e outubro. Com relação às coberturas de solo, a cobertura morta se mostrou promissora para as variáveis de produção, ao contrário da cobertura verde com a leguminosa Arachis pintoi, pois a mesma competiu com o mamoeiro acarretando, assim, redução na produtividade. Termos para indexação:Carica papaya L., distúrbio fisiológico, manejo alternativo, manejo do solo e da irrigação. ABSTRACTIn this experiment one evaluated the effect of different irrigation dosages and soil coverings in skin freckles aspects in yield components of the papaya cv. Tainung 01 in the period from December 2003 to November 2004. It was used a randomized complete block design, with a three replications, in a factorial scheme. When the interactions were significant the analysis was partitioned and the means were compared by the Tukey Test for each factor. The results found demonstrated high correlation between the variable studied and the harvest season. With relation to the skin freckles the seasonal aspect of incidence was confirmed, showing that for cv. Tainung 01 the major incidence of the disturbance was verified in September and October. With relation to the soil coverings, the mulching showed promising for the variables in yield, in contrast of the green covering with the leguminosae Arachis pintoi, because the last one competed with the papaya trees causing reduction in the yield components. INTRODUÇÃOO híbrido de mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.) Tainung 01 é, atualmente, a cultivar mais aceita entre os materiais provenientes do grupo formosa, entretanto, ela é bastante susceptível à ocorrência da mancha fisiológica do mamão (MFM), que prejudica a sua comercialização para o mercado externo.Essa susceptibilidade à MFM tem acarretado prejuízos vultosos aos produtores, uma vez que os consumidores têm clara preferência pelo fruto com casca livre de manchas. Eloisa et al. (1994) e Kaiser et al. (1996), associam a ocorrência desse distúrbio com a ruptura dos laticíferos do fruto de mamão com conseqüente extravasamento do látex no tecido subepicárpico, fato esse que desencadearia o distúrbio. Essa ruptura dos laticíferos dos frutos poderia ocorrer em função de alterações bruscas na pressão interna desses condutores. Esse aumento na pressão interna dos laticíferos pode estar associado a fatores do ambiente, como o excesso de...

Fertilization with monoammonium phosphate in the production of Formosa ‘Tainung-01’ papaya in the potiguar semiarid

“…Observed means for the number of fruits (NFr), production (Prod -Kg plant), and yield (Pde -t ha -1 ) (MIinternal market; ME -external market; Com -marketable; T -total) in the 'Tainung-01' papaya under topdressing fertilizations (with "Cosmofert ® +MAP" and "MAP"). These observed values for fruit weight corroborate the data observed in Linhares (ES), with values from 0.8 to 2.0 kg fruit -1 (Gomes Filho et al, 2008). However, they are below those observed in Cruz das Almas (BA), with mean values of 2.3 kg fruit -1 (Carvalho et al, 2004) and in Limoeiro do Norte (CE), with values from 1.8 to 2.4 kg fruit -1 (Santos et al, 2008).…”

“…This behavior might have occurred due to the better distribution of photoassimilates since the number of total fruits decreased with the increment in the MAP doses in ground fertilization. These results are above those observed in the municipalities of Linhares -ES(Gomes Filho et al, 2008) and Limoeiro do Norte -CE(Santos et al, 2008), representing only 75.8% and 19.9% of the observed in Baraúna, respectively.In another assay, in Limoeiro do Norte (CE), it represented only 23.7% of the harvested fruits in Baraúna(Viana et al, 2008), possibly due to the availability of phosphorus in the soil, with a 51.5% lower amount. It also occurred in an experiment in Cruz das Almas (BA), with values representing only 18.0% of the number of fruits(Souza et al, 2007), possibly due to a phosphorus limitation, representing only 35.2% of the average availability of the soil worked in Baraúna (245.3 kg ha -1 of P 2 O 5 ).…”

“…The highest estimated value of the fruit number for the internal market was 64.9 fruits plant -1 , whereas in the marketable fruits it was 73.0 fruits plant -1 , and the total was 99.3 fruits plant -1 . Gomes Filho et al, 2008). However, the values were above the highest productions observed in Limoeiro do Norte -CE (Santos et al, 2008), which represented only 25.2% of the observed in Baraúna.…”

Obtaining and Evaluating New Hybrids of Papaya Tree

“…The other seven hybrids make up the group "b" of lower averages that ranged from 105.08 ton ha -1 to 127.50 ton ha -1 . The PROD of the 11 hybrids under evaluation was very satisfactory when compared to other hybrids of the Formosa group commercially exploited with averages ranging from 80 to 106 tons ha -1 (Feitosa, Araujo, Oliveira, Lopes, & Andrade, 2016) and experimentally as the Tainung 01 hybrid in response to irrigation and soil cover showed yields of 138.1 to 175.7 tons ha -1 , in which each plant produced, on average, 55.6 fruits throughout the cycle (Gomes Filho, Oliveira, Viana, & Pereira, 2008).…”

Evaluation of new papaya hybrids

“…This cultivar showed, in response to irrigation depths and soil covers, yield varying from 138.1 to 175.7 ton ha -1 , with each plant producing, on average, 55.6 fruits throughout the cycle (Gomes Filho et al, 2008). Marin et al (2003) stated that the growers" preference is for hermaphroditic plants with pear-shaped and/or elongated fruits, small fruit cavity and greater pulp thickness.…”