Estudo de ideação suicida em adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos

Abstract

Este estudo objetivou identificar a presença de ideação suicida em adolescentes da população geral, da cidade de Porto Alegre, com idades entre 15 e 19 anos; caracterizar os adolescentes com e sem ideação suicida quanto à intensidade de depressão/desesperança; identificar, nos adolescentes com ideação suicida, o nível de associação entre ideação suicida e depressão/desesperança e identificar, nos adolescentes com ideação suicida, quais variáveis foram encontradas como mais associadas à ideação suicida. Utilizou-se uma ficha de dados sócio-demográficos, Escala de Ideação Suicida de Beck, Inventário de Depressão de Beck e Escala de Desesperança de Beck. Os dados foram analisados através do cálculo de freqüências, pelo teste qui-quadrado e regressão logística. Dos 526 adolescentes da amostra, 36% apresentaram ideação suicida. Destes, 36% apresentaram sintomas de depressão e 28,6% de desesperança (moderada e/ou grave). As variáveis mais associadas à ideação suicida foram: sexo feminino, tentativa de suicídio de amigo, depressão e desesperança.

Suicidal Ideation in University Students: Prevalence and Association With School and Gender

“…These kind of thoughts tend to be more frequent in girls (Borges & Werlang, 2006), as well as suicide attempts, whether or not they are in college (Arria et al, 2009;Borges & Werlang, 2006;Dervic et al, 2007;Faria, Gandolfi, & Moura, 2014;Kirkcaldy, Eysenck, & Siefen, 2004;Rudatsikira, Muula, Siziya, & Twa-Twa, 2007;Schaffer, Jeglic, & Stanley, 2008). Borges and Werlang (2006) found that 67.6% of the suicidal ideators were females.…”

Exposure to physical and sexual violence and suicidal ideation among schoolchildren

“…However, due to its numerous population, Brazil was among the first 10 countries with the highest absolute number of suicide occurrences, and some of its states presented rates as high as those in countries displaying medians to high rates 4 . For instance, in the year of 2004, the Brazilian Southern state of Rio Grande do Sul was the one with the highest rate of suicide [5][6][7] , considering that 9.88 people for every 100,000 inhabitants died from it 3 .…”

“…The main predictor of self inflicted acts with intention to die, defined as suicidal behaviors, is suicidal ideation, which refers to thoughts of wishes, attitudes and plans about dying 7,10,12,13 . It is estimated that 33.4% of adolescents having suicidal thoughts develop a suicide plan, and 33,9% attempt to it 14 , supporting suicidal ideation as one of the most important risk indicators of reaching suicide as an outcome 15 .…”

“…The frequency and intensity of suicidal thoughts increase according to age, especially after the first years of adolescence 7,10,14 , and besides contributing to lethal consequences, its occurrence during this developmental stage may produce negative lifetime outcomes 15 . Therefore, comprehending factors related positively and negatively to suicidal ideation allows the development of interventions oriented to the most relevant factors for preventing, identifying and treating suicide.…”

“…Among the great amount of discussion regarding suicidal behavior and ideation risk and protective factors, some associations stand out. Higher rates of suicide are registered among girls when compared to boys 10,12,14 , among adolescents who are exposed to physical and sexual violence [17][18][19] , who come from dysfunctional families with histories of psychopathology, and alcohol and drugs abuse 7,9,16 , and who abuse of alcohol and other drugs 12,20,21 . On the other hand, many studies have suggested that attending to religious institutions, being more exposed to religious beliefs, and paying more importance to religion reduces the chances of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide itself [22][23][24][25][26][27] .…”