Rabbit antivenom efficacy against myotoxic and neurotoxic activities of Bothrops jararacussu venom and bothropstoxin-I

Oshima-Franco, Yoko; Leite, Gildo Bernardo; Valério, A. A.; Hyslop, Stephen; Andrião-Escarso, Sílvia Helena; Giglio, José Roberto; Prado-Franceschi, J.; Cruz-Höfling, M.A.; Rodrigues‐Simioni, Léa

doi:10.1590/s0104-79302002000200004

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Crotalic venoms have neurotoxic, myotoxic and coagulant actions, and Bothropic venoms present proteolytic, coagulant and hemorrhagic activities (3,7,11,25,33,43,45,46). However, under experimental conditions, both venoms induced twitch-responses blockage in neuromuscular preparations and, when microscopically analyzed, myonecrosis was observed (11,16,37,39,42). The in vitro effects of these venoms were quite similar regarding the parameters twitch responses and morphological aspects of the preparations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of manganese (Mn2+) on neurotoxic and myotoxic activities induced by Crotalus durissus terrificus and Bothrops jararacussu venoms in chick biventer cervicis preparations

Bueno¹,

Leite²,

Cruz‐Höfling³

et al. 2007

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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In the present study, manganese (Mn2+), a neuromuscular blocker with pre and postsynaptic actions, was used to verify the neurotoxicity and myotoxicity induced by Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt) and Bothrops jararacussu (Bjssu) venoms in biventer cervicis preparations (BCp). Preparations pretreated with 0.66 and 1.6mM Mn2+ did not affect Cdt venom-induced blockage nor change KCl-induced contracture but partially reduced ACh-induced contracture. However, both Mn2+ concentrations partially hindered Bjssu venom-induced blockage after washing the preparations with Krebs solution, and only 1.6mM Mn2+ preparations significantly recovered ACh-induced contracture. The effect of Cdt venom myotoxicity on contractile responses was different from that of Bjssu venom myotoxicity. Pretreatment with 1.6mM Mn2+ partially reduced muscle damage percentage and creatine kinase (CK) activity (U/l) induced by both venoms. In conclusion, Mn2+ interfered in ACh-induced contracture of the nicotinic receptor; did not prevent Cdt venom neurotoxicity but partially reduced its myotoxicity in vitro due to the stabilizing action of this venom on the sarcolemmal membrane; and partially attenuated myotoxicity and neuromuscular blockage induced by Bjssu venom. The Mn2+ dual action (pre and postsynaptic) is useful to study snake venoms since most of them present one or both of these actions; besides, Mn2+ allowed recovering coherent interpretation of experimental versus clinical results

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of manganese (Mn2+) on neurotoxic and myotoxic activities induced by Crotalus durissus terrificus and Bothrops jararacussu venoms in chick biventer cervicis preparations

Bueno¹,

Leite²,

Cruz‐Höfling³

et al. 2007

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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“…Results suggested that the increase in total protein content and urea levels was related to the myotoxic (14,18,22,23) and proteolytic activities (4,9) of B.…”

Section: Renal Failure Is the Major Complication In Envenomation By Bmentioning

confidence: 98%

Histological and biochemical effects induced by sublethal doses of Bothrops jararacussu venom in mice

Zeni¹,

Becker²,

Krug³

et al. 2007

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Snake venom is characterized by hemorrhagic, coagulant, proteolytic and myotoxic activities which in Bothrops jaracussu venom are related to intraspecific variations. In the present study, female Swiss mice were divided into two groups: treated with 25µg or 50µg venom. These were subdivided into three groups of six animals each, according to blood collection: 2, 4 or 24h after venom injection. Animals were anesthetized using diethyl-ether inhalation and 1ml of blood was collected by heart puncture. Then, the following organs were removed: spleen, skeletal muscle, kidneys, liver and lungs; histological sections were obtained and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The following biochemical parameters were analyzed: aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT/GPT), total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose, creatinine and urea levels, and total protein content. Results showed significant alterations in AST, LDH, glucose and urea levels, and total protein content, as well as important tissue alterations in the liver, kidneys and lungs. It could be concluded that, even using sublethal doses of venom, there were significant changes in almost all the tested biochemical parameters as well as tissue alterations in the kidneys and lungs

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Antibothropic action of Casearia sylvestris Sw. (Flacourtiaceae) extracts

Cintra-Francischinelli

Silva

Andréo-Filho

et al. 2008

Phytotherapy Research

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Casearia sylvestris Sw., popularly known in Brazil as 'guaçatonga', has been used as antitumor, antiseptic, antiulcer, local anaesthetic and healer in folk medicine. Snakebite envenomation by Bothrops jararacussu (Bjssu) constitutes a relevant public health hazard capable of inducing serious local damage in victims. This study examined the pharmacological action of apolar and polar C. sylvestris leaf extracts in reverting the neuromuscular blockade and myonecrosis, which is induced by Bjssu venom and its major toxin bothropstoxin-I on the mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations. The polar methanol extract (ME) was by far the most efficacious. ME not only prevented myonecrosis and abolished the blockade, but also increased ACh release. Such facilitation in neuromuscular transmission was observed with ME alone, but was accentuated in preparations incubated with ME plus venom or toxin. This established synergy opens an interesting point of investigation because the venom or toxin in contact with ME changes from a blocking to a facilitating effect. It is suggested that rutin, known to have potent antioxidant properties, and one of the components present in the ME, could have a role in the observed effects. Since commercial rutin did not reproduce the ME effects, it is likely that a rutin-containing phytocomplex is neutralizing the bothropic envenoming effects.

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Rabbit antivenom efficacy against myotoxic and neurotoxic activities of Bothrops jararacussu venom and bothropstoxin-I

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of manganese (Mn2+) on neurotoxic and myotoxic activities induced by Crotalus durissus terrificus and Bothrops jararacussu venoms in chick biventer cervicis preparations

Effects of manganese (Mn2+) on neurotoxic and myotoxic activities induced by Crotalus durissus terrificus and Bothrops jararacussu venoms in chick biventer cervicis preparations

Histological and biochemical effects induced by sublethal doses of Bothrops jararacussu venom in mice

Antibothropic action of Casearia sylvestris Sw. (Flacourtiaceae) extracts

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