Educación, trabajo y salud: realidades de mujeres transgénero residentes en Bogotá, Colombia

Abstract

Resumen En Colombia, el ser libre e identificarse con una identidad no heteronormativa que irrumpe con la masculinidad conlleva vulneraciones en sus derechos primordiales. En las mujeres transgénero, tal vulneración induce a adoptar prácticas de autocuidado que les permita proteger su integridad y luchar por sus derechos. El presente artículo tuvo como base un estudio cualitativo, en el que se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad a 5 mujeres transgénero para conocer las principales prácticas de autocuidado y el apoyo recibido durante su proceso de transformación. Se obtuvieron relatos asociados a la inequidad en el acceso a oportunidades laborales dignas, que permitiesen desligarles de labores de cuidado en trabajos transexualizados y obtener recursos económicos que faciliten el ingreso a la educación y la afiliación a un sistema de salud que asuma los procedimientos del tránsito de manera responsable, eliminando la asunción de riesgos por parte de las mujeres transgénero para obtener la imagen deseada y su bienestar. A modo de conclusión se ofrecen algunas reflexiones sobre las deudas que se tienen hoy en día con las mujeres transgénero por parte del Estado y de la institucionalidad para la garantía de la educación, la salud y el trabajo.

Health care: life stories by trans women in Colombia

“…Therefore, an effective assessment of health, support, and follow-up should promote gender self-determination and offer evidence-based scientific knowledge that respects both binary and hegemonic expressions of being women, as well as those that are not binary or based on hegemonic gender constructs. Professional interaction that is not conditioned by cisnormative and binary gender worldviews should be integrated into healthcare models [4,5,25].…”

“…In Colombia, significant progress has been made regarding transgender activism and governmental and academic institutions. These advances reflect the complexity of the issue given the slow progress made to date, and the absence of a specific care route to respond to the health needs of trans identities [1,4,21,25]. This is especially the case when trans women seek to undergo gender-affirmative processes, either through body modifications, hormonal or surgical treatments, or other support, such as psychological care [11], despite legal guidelines that seek to protect and guarantee their rights.…”

“…Although the previously mentioned aspects exist, in Colombia, the reality faced by people when accessing these types of services continues to be problematic [21,25,26]. Concrete actions are required to strengthen health processes based on clear and mandatory routes for trans identities, which integrate the voices of the people themselves as active agents and experts in their processes.…”

Gender, transsexuality and labor insertion

“…(21) Hence, the importance companies being prepared on trans issues to ensure that the interview and selection processes are prosperous and inclusive experiences so that even if the trans person is not hired for the position for which he/she applied, he/she does not give up looking for other opportunities for fear of being discriminated against. (22) Alegre et al (2017) and Ortega (2018) propose that participation and incorporation of trans people in work teams are essential to promote integration with colleagues and give visibility to the "trans voice," referring to Community and Interculturality in Dialogue. 2022; 2:28 4 the fact that their opinion will be essential and taken into account.…”