Fatores associados ao abandono do tratamento da tuberculose: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

RESUMO:Revisão integrativa de literatura, em publicações científicas de 2000 a 2009, que objetivou evidenciar conceitos e fatores associados ao abandono do tratamento da tuberculose. Os dados foram coletados do portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde/LILACS e da SciELO, utilizando os descritores: pacientes desistentes do tratamento, recusa do paciente ao tratamento, cooperação do paciente e adesão à medicação, em cruzamento com o descritor tuberculose. A busca originou 219 artigos, que, observados critérios de inclusão e exclusão, resultou em nove artigos completos. A análise dos dados formou as categorias Conceituando abandono de tratamento da tuberculose e Fatores associados ao abandono de tratamento da tuberculose. Considerou-se abandono ao tratamento da tuberculose a interrupção do uso de medicação por 30 dias ou mais. Os fatores associados relevantes foram: sociodemográficos, doenças associadas e assistência em saúde. A equipe de enfermagem/saúde deve focar abordagens de cuidado mais interativas e humanizadas, direcionadas a incrementar a adesão do paciente ao tratamento. DESCRITORES:Tuberculose. Enfermagem. Recusa do pacientes ao tratamento. Adesão à medicação. FACTORS RELATED TO ABANDONING TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEWABSTRACT: This integrative literature review aimed to simultaneously evidence concepts and to show the factors associated with nonadherence to tuberculosis treatment in scientific publications from 2000 to 2009. Data was collected from the Virtual Health Library/ LILACS and SciELO websites, using the descriptors: Patient giving up treatment, patient treatment refusal, patient cooperation, and adherence to medication, cross-referencing them with the descriptor "tuberculosis". The search resulted in 219 articles. After observing inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine articles were left to compose the sample. Data analysis formed two categories: Conceptualizing abandoning tuberculosis treatment and Factors associated with abandoning tuberculosis treatment. Tuberculosis treatment was considered to be abandoned if the use of such medication was interrupted for thirty days or more. The following associated factors were considered relevant: socio-demographics, related sicknesses/illnesses, and health care. The nursing staff/health care approaches should focus on interactive and more humane care, directed towards increasing adherence to treatment. DESCRIPTORS:Tuberculosis. Nursing. Treatment refusal. Medication adherence. FACTORES ASOCIADOS CON EL ABANDONO DEL TRATAMIENTO PARA TUBERCULOSIS: UNA REVISIÓN INTEGRADORA RESUMEN:Revisión bibliográfica integradora con el fin de demostrar los conceptos y factores asociados con el abandono del tratamiento antituberculoso en publicaciones científicas, de 2000 a 2009. La recolección de los datos se llevo a cabo en el portal de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud/LILACS y SciELO, según los siguientes descriptores: pacientes que abandonan el tratamiento, rechazo del paciente al tratamiento, cooperación del paciente y adherencia a la medicación, cruzándo...

Magnitude da tuberculose pulmonar na população fronteiriça de Mato Grosso do Sul (Brasil), Paraguai e Bolívia

“…Requerem-se programas que resultem em redução das desigualdades sociais, permitindo alcançar a diminuição almejada nos indicadores da doença, quebrando o ciclo que alimenta a pobreza e a exclusão social, tendo-se em vista o impacto negativo exercido pela tuberculose no crescimento econômico e no desenvolvimento social do estado e da Região Centro-oeste 39 .…”

O abandono do tratamento da tuberculose sob a perspectiva dos gerentes de diferentes centros de saúde de Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil

“…5,[9][10][11][12][13] Treatment abandonment associated with individual problems has already been well described in literature. Research is lacking, however, about health professionals' perception of the dynamics of health services and the way they have confronted the treatment abandonment problem.…”

“…20 Although the interviewed managers did not report this, aspects related to the Health Center/ Service, such as service quality, organization, medication distribution irregularities, precarious attendance, access difficulties and negligence in patient monitoring are reported in literature as possible causes of non-adherence to treatment. [9][10][12][13] Long waiting times at the service discourage return to that service, and perhaps even treatment continuity, mainly among asymptomatic patients. 12 Other factors are related to health professionals, such as non compliance with times, affecting the quality of clinical exams and patient interaction.…”

“…Different studies appoint that drinking is one of the main treatment abandonment factors, as well as drugs use. 5,[9][10][11][12][13][26][27][28] Another factor mentioned was the action of medication side effects and the improvement after the start of treatment: 'I'm gonna throw up The patients' feeling of wellbeing after the initial treatment phase and the occurrence of medi-cation side effects have also been one of the most appointed reasons for abandonment. 5,[12][13]21,26,29 One manager's report is interesting, mentioning that, after explaining that improvement does not mean cure, the patient returned to the treatment, again revealing the importance of the professional's relation with the patient.…”

Profile Of Elderly Diagnosed With Tuberculosis In A Reference Hospital In Brazil

“…Studies legitimize smoking as something directly associated with discontinuation of treatment by patients. This way, it's crucial to signal the importance of professionals to reorient people in order to enlighten them as to the treatment, the time of use of the treatment drug, the likely adverse reactions and the care that should be taken in the therapeutic process, in order to avoid obstacles hinder the recovery [36].…”