Plasma-deposited a-C(N): H films

Franceschini, D. F.

doi:10.1590/s0103-97332000000300007

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Pérez‐González et al 2005), which require large spectral extrapolations to derive the total IR luminosity, especially at high redshifts. Similar high‐ z convergence of the total IR luminosity density has been recently found by Franceschini et al (2010) with a model based on the analysis of a large IR data base of high‐redshift galaxies at long wavelengths. However, up to now, the total emissivity of IR galaxies at high redshifts is poorly constrained, due to the scarcity of Spitzer galaxies at z > 2 and the incomplete information on the z ‐distribution of submm sources (Chapman et al 2005).…”

Section: The Agn Contribution To the Ir Emissionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Modelling galaxy and AGN evolution in the infrared: black hole accretion versus star formation activity

Gruppioni

Pozzi

Zamorani

et al. 2011

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We present a new backward evolution model for galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the infrared (IR). What is new in this model is the separate study of the evolutionary properties of different IR populations (i.e. spiral galaxies, starburst galaxies, low‐luminosity AGNs, ‘unobscured’ type 1 AGNs and ‘obscured’ type 2 AGNs) defined through a detailed analysis of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of large samples of IR‐selected sources. The evolutionary parameters have been constrained by means of all the available observables from surveys in the mid‐ and far‐IR (source counts, redshift and luminosity distributions, luminosity functions). By decomposing the SEDs representative of the three AGN classes into three distinct components (a stellar component emitting most of its power in the optical/near‐IR, an AGN component due to the hot dust heated by the central black hole peaking in the mid‐IR, and a starburst component dominating the far‐IR spectrum), we have disentangled the AGN contribution to the monochromatic and total IR luminosity emitted by different populations considered in our model from that due to star formation activity. We have then obtained an estimate of the total IR luminosity density [and star formation density (SFD) produced by IR galaxies] and the first ever estimate of the black hole mass accretion density (BHAR) from the IR. The derived evolution of the BHAR is in agreement with estimates from X‐rays, though the BHAR values we derive from the IR are slightly higher than the X‐ray ones. Finally, we have simulated source counts, redshift distributions, and SFD and BHAR that we expect to obtain with the future cosmological surveys in the mid‐/far‐IR that will be performed with the JWST‐MIRI and SPICA‐SAFARI. Outputs of the model are available online.1

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Section: The Agn Contribution To the Ir Emissionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Modelling galaxy and AGN evolution in the infrared: black hole accretion versus star formation activity

Gruppioni

Pozzi

Zamorani

et al. 2011

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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“…For other hydrocarbon precursors, the highest possible nitrogen incorporation is even lower. [6] This is consistent with results from FTIR shown in Figure 2. The prominent absorptions of nitrogen-containing groups at 1 600, 2 200, and 3 365 cm À1 are not enlarged significantly by increasing the [N 2 ]:[C 2 H 2 ] ratio from 11 to 19.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Multilayer Diffusion Barrier Coatings on Poly(propylene) with Improved Temperature Durability

Körner

Sonnenfeld

Rohr

2009

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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The improvement of temperature durability for autoclaving of silicon oxide (SiOx) diffusion barrier coatings on poly(propylene) (PP) by deposition of thin amorphous hydrogenated carbon‐nitrogen (a‐C:N:H) intermediate layers was investigated. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy revealed terminating amino and nitrile groups responsible for low compressive stress in a‐C:N:H. Uniaxial tensile tests showed a higher crack onset strain (COS) for a‐C:N:H of 2.7% compared to 0.7% for SiOx. Best temperature durability was achieved by a three‐layer coating from a‐C:N:H, an intermediate layer deposited by a mixture of N2, C2H2, hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), and a SiOx layer. The oxygen transmission rate (OTR) was only increased from 6 to 22 cm3·m−2·d−1·bar−1 after exposure to 140 °C for 30 min, whereas for single SiOx barrier coatings, severe loss of barrier properties of 1 040 cm3·m−2·d−1·bar−1 was evidenced due to the formation of cracks.

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“…As can be observed in Figure 4–5, CAs values strongly depend on the gas flow ratio, whereas the energy input was found to merely have a minor influence. High ammonia flow rate in respect to the monomer gas contributed to the formation of a higher number of nitrogen functionalities such as amines, amides, cyanides, imines etc 33,34. in the plasma polymers, which was indicated by a strong reduction in CA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Accessible Functionalities in Nanoscaled Coatings on Textiles Characterized by Coloration

Hossain

Herrmann²,

Hegemann³

2007

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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The plasma‐assisted process presented in this paper facilitates the deposition of nitrogen containing functional coatings on textiles. Low pressure RF plasma was used to deposit multi‐functional thin films, which have a high amine content. Either acetylene or ethylene were mixed with ammonia to obtain a crosslinked structure that contained functional groups, which were accessible for dye molecules throughout the film volume. Varying deposition conditions were used in order to compare hydrocarbon gas mixtures in terms of deposition rates, water contact angles, aging, dyeability, yellowness index, and rub/wash fastnesses. The deposition rates were found to be higher for the acetylene discharges, but decreased with increasing ammonia‐to‐hydrocarbon ratios for both gas mixtures. Although this indicates etching effects, a permanent hydrophilization could still be obtained. These findings demonstrate that plasma polymerization provides an eco‐friendly multi‐functionalized surface modification, since the use of chemicals, waste water etc. can be eliminated. Dyeing of the plasma coatings by acid dyestuffs showed that the relative color strength value, i.e. amine functionalities, can be noticeably enhanced, while being strongly influenced by the energy input and by the gas ratio. It was evident that the coating quality could be improved significantly using an ammonia/ethylene plasma due to reduced unsaturated bonds, the latter being investigated by the CIELAB color spaces. A high dyeing fastness indicated a strong dye‐molecule bonding, which in turn, is an indication of permanency of the amine groups. A pilot‐scale web coater at Empa was used to demonstrate the feasibility of industrial scale‐up.

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Plasma-deposited a-C(N): H films

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Modelling galaxy and AGN evolution in the infrared: black hole accretion versus star formation activity

Modelling galaxy and AGN evolution in the infrared: black hole accretion versus star formation activity

Multilayer Diffusion Barrier Coatings on Poly(propylene) with Improved Temperature Durability

Incorporation of Accessible Functionalities in Nanoscaled Coatings on Textiles Characterized by Coloration

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