Seed priming with hormones does not alleviate induced oxidative stress in maize seedlings subjected to salt stress

Abstract

Seed priming with hormones has been an efficient method for increasing seed vigor as well as seedling growth under stressful conditions. These responses have in the past been attributed to the activation of antioxidant systems in a range of crops. The results described in this work show that hormonal priming with methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid or CEPA (chloroethylphosphonic acid), an ethylene (ET) releaser, does not induce the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase or glutathione reductase in maize seedlings subjected to salt stress. The enhanced biomass of maize seedlings under salt stress that was observed only from ET priming indicates that the stress tolerance in maize from ethylene priming is a fundamental process for stress tolerance acquisition, which is explained, however, by other biochemical mechanisms but not by changes in the antioxidant system.

Salt stress in maize: effects, resistance mechanisms, and management. A review

“…Ashraf and Rauf (2001) investigated seed halopriming with distilled water, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride and found that, while all of the salt agents were effective at mitigating the adversities of salinity on maize germination, priming with calcium chloride was the most effective. Hormonal priming with chloroethylphosphonic acid, an ethylene releaser, enhanced maize seedling biomass under salt stress (Table 4; Carvalho et al 2011).…”

“…Nitrogen application at 120 kg ha −1 counteracted the damaging effects of salinity and notably improved growth, yield, and nitrogen uptake under salt stress (Gadalla et al 2007). In another study, nitrogen application above the recommended level for non-saline soils substantially increased Gondim et al (2010) Halopriming NaCl Earlier emergence and germination rate, plant height, yield Bakht et al (2011) Hormonal priming Ethylene Biomass Carvalho et al (2011) Halopriming NaCl Shoot dry weight and length, leaf number and area, chlorophyll Farahbakhsh and Saiid (2011) physiological traits such as leaf area index, crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, and all yield components in salt-stressed maize compared with the control (Akram et al 2010c). While nitrogen nutrition is important in crop production under salt stress, the nitrogen source is also important.…”

Soluble amino acid profile, mineral nutrient and carbohydrate content of maize kernels harvested from plants submitted to ascorbic acid seed priming

“…The importance of seed plants to humans is unquestionable and they have been studied for a wide range of aspects (Azevedo et al 1997, Carvalho et al 2011, Bevilaqua et al 2015, Dresch et al 2015, Sneideris et al 2015, Soares et al 2015, but in particular to their nutritional quality due to their consumption by animals and humans (Azevedo et al 1997). Cereals and legume seeds are significant plant protein sources in the human diet (Azevedo et al 1990).…”

“…Some studies have tested pre-sowing seed treatments (seed priming) using hormones (Carvalho et al 2011, Sneideris et al 2015 and vitamins such as ascorbic acid (AsA) to improve the stress tolerance (Farooq et al 2013, Alcântara et al 2015. AsA treatment increased the amount of soluble carbohydrates, proteins and soluble amino ASCORBIC ACID MAIzE SEED PRIMING 697 acids in beans (Azooz et al 2013), and increased the proline content in wheat (Farooq et al 2013), however these analyses were performed at the vegetative stage.…”

Variations in Bioactive Content in Different Tomato Trusses due to Elicitor Effects

“…SA acts as a phytohormone that regulates the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments [32] and increases BCs [33], whereas H 2 O 2 acts as a second messenger to regulate the expression of genes involved in the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes [34]. Based on these results, both SA and H 2 O 2 significantly increased lycopene levels in the first truss, with a CV (22.1% and 31.8%, resp.)…”