Effect of particle size of limestone on Ca, Mg and K contents in soil and in sward plants

Abstract

Liming increases crop production through improved soil conditions in acidic soils. Among the effects of liming, increased availabilities of alkaline and alkaline-earth cations are worth mention. These availabilities may be affected by the particle size of applied limestone, which influences lime reactivity. The effects of particle size and application schedule of magnesium limestone were investigated on extractable Ca, Mg and K in soil, their concentrations in sward plants and dry-matter yield. Magnesium limestone of various particle sizes was applied to experimental plots at a rate of 3 t ha -1 , a grass-clover sward was sown, and the plots were monitored during three years. The finest limestone (< 0.25 mm) in a single application yielded the highest soil Ca and Mg concentrations extracted by Mehlich-3 and NH 4 Cl. The same limestone split in three annual doses was less effective. Plots treated with the coarsest limestone (2-4 mm) did not differ from control plots. Liming had no effect on potassium, either in soil or plants. Soil concentrations of Ca, Mg and K extracted by Mehlich-3 and NH 4 Cl were correlated with each other (r = 0.76, 0.75 and 0.67, respectively). NH 4 Cl extracted more Ca than Mehlich-3, while the latter extracted more Mg and K than NH 4 Cl. Soil Ca, Mg and K extracted by NH 4 Cl were also correlated to water extractions. Mg concentration in plants correlated to soil Mg extracted by NH 4 Cl or by water. Neither the concentrations nor the total contents of Ca and K in plants correlated with extractable soil Ca and K. The total dry matter yield was not affected by liming. The yield of sown species was higher in plots treated with the finest limestone than in plots limed with the coarsest limestone. Cations extracted by water or NH 4 Cl explained the variance of dry matter yield. Key words: Spain, liming, macronutrients availability, pasture yield Efeito do tamanho das partículas de calcário nos teores de Ca, Mg e K no solo e em plantas forrageiras RESUMO: A aplicação de calcário em solos ácidos promove aumento da produção agrícola por meio da melhoria das condições do solo. Entre os efeitos da calagem, o aumento da disponibilidade de cátions alcalinos e alcalinoterrosos são dignos de menção. Essas disponibilidades podem ser afetadas pelo tamanho das partículas do calcário aplicado, que influencia a solubilidade do mesmo. Investigaram-se os efeitos da granulometria e épocas de aplicação de calcário magnesiano nos cátions trocáveis Ca, Mg e K extraidos no solo, nas suas concentrações em plantas crescidas cultivadas nesse solo e no rendimento das suas matérias secas. Vários tamanhos de partículas de calcário magnesiano foram aplicadas às parcelas experimentais, a uma taxa de 3 t ha -1, gramíneas e trevo foram plantados e as parcelas foram monitoradas durante três anos. O calcário mais fino (< 0,25 mm) em uma única aplicação proporcionou os maiores teores de Ca e Mg extraídos por Mehlich-3 e por NH 4 Cl. Este mesmo calcário quando aplicado parcelado em três doses anuais foi menos eficaz....

Effect of magnesium fertilization on some plant nutrient interactions and nut quality properties in Turkish hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.)

“…Some amending agent increases the retention of Mg due to the increase of effective caution exchange capacity (resulting from the pH increase) and to an altered Ca/Mg ratio. The K may displace Mg from the exchange sites thereby increasing the content of the latter in the soil solution (Viade et al, 2011). The equilibrium of exchangeable cations in the soil is proportional to the activity ratio of K for divalent cations in soil solution (Quaggio et al, 2011).…”

Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Kapur Dalam Aplikasi Pengapuran Untuk Memperbaiki Sifat Kimia Ultisol

“…Pada Gambar 1C terlihat pengaruh berbagai jenis kapur dapat meningkatkan K-dd sebesar 0.00; 0.01; 0.02 dan 0.03 cmolc kg -1 , dibandingkan dengan control. Ketika garam kalium ditambahkan ke tanah, konsentrasi K dalam larutan tanah meningkat dengan cepat dan sebagian kecil secara bertahap dapat berpindah ke lokasi pertukaran kation (Viadé et al, 2011). Ion K yang mengalami perubahan dapat kembali ke formula yang tersedia dalam jangka panjang.…”

Lime Fertilizer with Prolonged Balanced Effect Period

“…The fine fractions of lime material (1-0.1 mm) dissolve and neutralize the soil quicker. The coarser fractions and lime fertiliser, which predominantly contains a coarse fraction 3-5 mm, dissolve significantly longer (Scott et al, 1992;Havlin et al, 2005;Viadé et al, 2011;Watling et al, 2010).…”