Soil bulk density and biomass partitioning of Brachiaria decumbens in a silvopastoral system

Paciullo, Domingos Sávio Campos; Castro, C. R.; Gomide, Carlos Augusto de Miranda; Fernandes, Priscila Beligoli; Rocha, Wadson Sebastião Duarte da; Müller, Marcelo Dias; Rossiello, Roberto Oscar Pereyra

doi:10.1590/s0103-90162010000500014

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The amount of sunlight reaching the soil surface in an agroforestry system depends on the growth and management of trees (Soares et al, 2009). Paciullo et al (2010) observed a reduction of 22.3 and 41.4 % in green forage and root mass, respectively, in the vicinity of the tree row compared to crop growth without trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical quality of an Oxisol under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Brazilian Cerrado

Neto

Andrioli

Almeida

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYSoil physical quality is an important factor for the sustainability of agricultural systems. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate soil physical properties and soil organic carbon in a Typic Acrudox under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system. The experiment was carried out in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Treatments consisted of seven systems: integrated crop-livestock-forest, with 357 trees ha -1 and pasture height of 30 cm ); integrated crop-livestock-forest with 357 trees ha -1 and pasture height of 45 cm ); integrated crop-livestockforest with 227 trees ha -1 and pasture height of 30 cm ); integrated croplivestock-forest with 227 trees ha -1 and pasture height of 45 cm ); integrated crop-livestock with pasture height of 30 cm (CL 30 ); integrated croplivestock with pasture height of 45 cm (CL 45 ) and native vegetation (NV). Soil properties were evaluated for the depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm. All grazing treatments increased bulk density (ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ b ) and penetration resistance (PR), and decreased total porosity (ƒ t ) and macroporosity (ƒ ma ), compared to NV. The values of ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ b (1.18-1.47 Mg m -3 ), ƒ ma (0.14-0.17 m 3 m -3 ) and PR (0.62-0.81 MPa) at the 0-10 cm depth were not restrictive to plant growth. The change in land use from NV to CL or CLF decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) and the soil organic carbon pool (SOC pool ). All grazing treatments had a similar SOC pool at the 0-10 cm depth and were lower than that for NV (17.58 Mg ha -1 ).Index terms: agroforestry, soil organic carbon, multivariate analysis. A qualidade física do solo é um importante fator para a sustentabilidade dos sistemas agrícolas. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar as propriedades físicas do solo e o carbono orgânico em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, sob sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta. O experimento foi conduzido no Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Os tratamentos consistiram de sete sistemas: integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta, com 357 árvores ha -1 e altura de pastejo de 30 cm ); integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta, com 357 árvores ha -1 e altura do pastejo de 45 cm (CLF 357-45 ); integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta, com 227 árvores ha -1 e altura do pastejo de 30 cm ); integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta, com 227 árvores ha -1 e altura do pastejo de 45 cm ); integração lavourapecuária, com a altura do pastejo de 30 cm (CL 30 ); integração lavoura-pecuária, com a altura do pastejo de 45 cm (CL 45 ); e vegetação nativa (NV). As propriedades do solo foram avaliadas nas profundidades de 0-10 e 10-20 cm. Todos os tratamentos com pastagem aumentaram a densidade do solo (ρ b ) e resistência à penetração (RP) e diminuíram a porosidade total (ƒ t ) e macroporosidade (ƒ ma ), em comparação com a NV. Os valores de ρ b (1,18-1,47 Mg m -3 ), ƒ ma (0,14-0,17 m 3 m -3 ) e PR (0,62-0,81 MPa) na profundidade de 0-10 cm não foram restritivos ao crescimento de plantas. A mudança de uso do solo a partir NV para CL ou CLF diminuiu o carbono orgânico (SOC) e o estoque de carbono orgânico (SOC...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical quality of an Oxisol under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Brazilian Cerrado

Neto

Andrioli

Almeida

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…creciendo bajo 50% de cobertura (Lacorte y Esquivel, 2009). Sin embargo, cuando los niveles de sombra exceden este nivel de radiación incidente, la producción de forraje se reduce debido a una importante disminución en las tasas fotosintéticas (Devkota et al, 2009;Guenni et al, 2008;Paciullo et al, 2010;Sousa et al 2007a;b;Gobbi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

PRODUCCIÓN DE BIOMASA DE BRACHIARIA (Brachiaria brizantha) CV. MARANDÚ EN DOS SISTEMAS SILVOPASTORILES DE PINO (Pinus elliottii) EN CORRIENTES, ARGENTINA

Maurig

Bernardis

2017

Chil. j. agric. anim. sci.

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RESUMENLos sistemas silvopastoriles comienzan a cobrar importancia en la región del noreste argentino (NEA), en particular en los bosques implantados a fines de la década de 1990 e inicios del año 2000. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto que producen dos técnicas de raleo en un sistema de Pinus elliottii Engelm. sobre la productividad de Brachiaria brizantha Stapf. cv. Marandú. Los tratamientos bajo análisis fueron: T1: Raleo Selectivo (392 árboles ha -1 ) y T2: Raleo Sistemático (líneas apareadas con callejones de 12 m; 348 árboles ha -1 ) sobre los que se evaluó la acumulación de biomasa aérea de la pastura. Se realizó un muestreo estratificado en el cual se definieron tres sectores. Se instalaron 5 jaulas de 1 m 2 por cada sector, sumando en total 15 jaulas por cada tratamiento. El material cosechado, después de pesado, se colocó en estufa, obteniéndose el contenido de materia seca (kg MS ha -1 ). Para caracterizar a los sistemas de manejo en función de la luz que atraviesa el dosel arbóreo se estimó radiación fotosintéticamente activa (PAR) en µmol m -2 s -1 . Se realizó un análisis de medidas repetidas empleando modelos mixtos mediante PROC MIXED de SAS. La comparación de medias se realizó con LSMEANS de SAS, mediante el test de Tukey-Kramer a un nivel de confianza de 95%. La acumulación media de biomasa fue superior en el tratamiento con raleo sistemático (T2) 898,3 kg MS ha -1 año -1 , mientras que en T1 fue de 750 kg MS ha -1 año -1, registrándose diferencias altamente significativas entre ambos tratamientos (p < 0,0001).Palabras clave: biomasa forrajera, raleo selectivo, raleo sistemático, PAR.

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“…The similarity in dead material, especially during the 1 st and 3 rd years, confirms the lack of shading effect on pasture biomass. Several studies have shown that herbage production is not affected or is slightly decreased under shade percentages of up to 30% to 40%, as long as the forage species has some tolerance to shade (Devkota et al, 2009;Paciullo et al, 2010;Sousa et al, 2010 and. The tolerance of B. decumbens for moderate shade is the result of morphological and physiological adaptations leading to light acclimation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The tolerance of B. decumbens for moderate shade is the result of morphological and physiological adaptations leading to light acclimation. Increasing the concentration of leaf chlorophyll, the specific leaf area, the leaf elongation rate and the aerial/root ratio (Cruz, 1997;Dias-Filho, 2000;Cavagnaro and Trione, 2007) are the main morphophysiological adaptations responsible for the increased photosynthetic capacity and DM production under moderate shade (Paciullo et al, 2010;Sousa et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sward characteristics and performance of dairy cows in organic grass–legume pastures shaded by tropical trees

Paciullo

Pires

Aroeira

et al. 2014

Animal

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The silvopastoral system (SPS) has been suggested to ensure sustainability in animal production systems in tropical ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate pasture characteristics, herbage intake, grazing activity and milk yield of Holstein × Zebu cows managed in two grazing systems (treatments): SPS dominated by a graminaceous forage (Brachiaria decumbens) intercropped with different leguminous herbaceous forages (Stylosanthes spp., Pueraria phaseoloides and Calopogonium mucunoides) and legume trees (Acacia mangium, Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala), and open pasture (OP) of B. decumbens intercropped only with Stylosanthes spp. Pastures were managed according to the rules for organic cattle production. The study was carried out by following a switch back format with 12 cows, 6 for each treatment, over 3 experimental years. Herbage mass was similar ( P > 0.05) for both treatments, supporting an average stocking rate of 1.23 AU/ha. Daily dry matter intake did not vary ( P > 0.05) between treatments (average of 11.3 ± 1.02 kg/cow per day, corresponding to 2.23 ± 0.2% BW). Milk yield was higher ( P < 0.05; 10.4 ± 0.06 kg/cow per day) in the SPS than in the OP (9.5 ± 0.06 kg/cow per day) during the 1 st year, but did not significantly differ ( P > 0.05) in subsequent years. The highest ( P < 0.05) values for herbage mass and milk yield were observed during the 3 rd year. In the SPS, with moderate shade (19% shade relative to a full-sun condition), the grass CP was higher ( P < 0.05) than in the OP, although the NDF content and digestibility coefficient were not modified. The animals spent more time ( P < 0.05) idling in the SPS than in OP. The higher legume proportion in the SPS was associated with the higher CP level in B. decumbens relative to the OP, which could explain the better ( P < 0.05) performance of the cows in silvopastoral areas during the 1 st year. However, during the 2 nd and 3 rd years, similarities in the legume percentages of both systems resulted in similar ( P > 0.05) milk yields. Low persistence of Stylosanthes guianensis was observed over the experimental period, indicating that the persistence of forage legumes under grazing could be improved using adapted cultivars that have higher annual seed production. The SPS and a diversified botanical composition of the pasture using legume species mixed with grasses are recommended for organic milk production.

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Soil bulk density and biomass partitioning of Brachiaria decumbens in a silvopastoral system

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Physical quality of an Oxisol under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Brazilian Cerrado

Physical quality of an Oxisol under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Brazilian Cerrado

PRODUCCIÓN DE BIOMASA DE BRACHIARIA (Brachiaria brizantha) CV. MARANDÚ EN DOS SISTEMAS SILVOPASTORILES DE PINO (Pinus elliottii) EN CORRIENTES, ARGENTINA

Sward characteristics and performance of dairy cows in organic grass–legume pastures shaded by tropical trees

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