Fermentation, losses, and aerobic stability of sugarcane silages treated with chemical or bacterial additives

Abstract

Utilization of sugarcane Saccharum officinarum L. silage is increasing in Brazil but intensive ethanol production during fermentation reduces forage quality. This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of additives on fermentation and aerobic stability of sugarcane silages produced in minisilos. Treatments were (fresh basis): untreated silage (control), urea (5.0 g kg ). At the 94th day after ensilage, ethanol concentration was lower in urea, benzoate, sorbate and L. buchneri supplemented silages and higher in L. plantarum inoculated silage, as compared to control. Urea and benzoate treated silages showed the highest and L. plantarum treated silage the lowest in vitro dry matter digestibility. Effluent production was higher in the urea treated silage. Inoculation with L. buchneri reduced 50% ethanol production as compared to control. Urea and L. buchneri reduced yeast count. Aerobic stability was enhanced by L. buchneri and benzoate. Sodium benzoate and L. buchneri were the most promising additives, improving both silage fermentation and aerobic stability; inoculants containing L. plantarum can be deleterious to fermentation and conservation of sugarcane silages. Key words: Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus plantarum, ethanol, benzoate, sorbate FERMENTAÇÃO, PERDAS E ESTABILIDADE AERÓBIA DE SILAGENS DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR TRATADAS COM ADITIVOS QUÍMICOS OU BACTERIANOSRESUMO: A utilização de silagem de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) está aumentando no Brasil, mas a intensa produção de etanol durante a fermentação reduz a qualidade da forragem. Este experimento visou avaliar os efeitos de aditivos na fermentação e estabilidade aeróbia de silagens de cana-de-açúcar produzidas em minisilos. Os tratamentos foram (base matéria verde): silagem sem tratamento (controle), uréia (5,0 g kg -1 ), benzoato de sódio (1,0 g kg -1 ), sorbato de potássio (0,3 g kg -1 ), Lactobacillus plantarum (1 ´ 10 6 ufc g -1 ) e Lactobacillus buchneri (3,64 ´ 10 5 ufc g -1 ). Aos 94 dias após a ensilagem, a concentração de etanol foi mais baixa nos tratamentos uréia, benzoato, sorbato e L. buchneri e mais alta para L. plantarum, em relação ao controle. As silagens dos tratamentos com uréia e benzoato tiveram as mais altas, e o tratamento com L. plantarum a mais baixa digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca. A produção de efluentes foi mais alta no tratamento com uréia. A inoculação com L. buchneri reduziu em 50% o etanol na silagem em relação ao controle. Uréia e L. buchneri reduziram a contagem de leveduras. L. buchneri e benzoato aumentaram a estabilidade aeróbia. O benzoato de sódio e L. buchneri foram os aditivos mais promissores, melhorando a fermentação e a estabilidade aeróbia nas silagens; inoculantes contendo L. plantarum podem ser prejudiciais à fermentação e conservação de silagens de canade-açúcar. Palavras-chave: Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus plantarum, etanol, benzoato, sorbato Pedroso et al. 590

The Effects of Adding Lactic Acid Bacteria and Cellulase in Oil Palm(Elais GuineensisJacq.) Frond Silages on Fermentation Quality, Chemical Composition and in Vitro Digestibility

“…The underlying reason is not exactly clear but it may be, at least partly, related to the formation of volatile end-products of fermentation. This reasoning is corroborated by Pedroso et al (2008) who showed a similar loss of DM due to the evaporation of volatile end-products during drying. Next to the loss of DM an 8% loss of EE also occurred during the process of ensiling.…”

Wasted cabbage (Brassica oleracea) silages treated with different levels of ground corn andsilage inoculant

“…Normally, assays of aerobic stability for silage produced in tropical climates are carried out for five or more days (Pedroso et al, 2008;Basso et al, 2012;Rabelo et al, 2015). However, considering the situation of silage management in Brazilian dairy farms, 67.7% of dairy farmers remove the silage from the silo top in three or fewer days (Bernardes and Rêgo, 2014).…”

Effects of Lactobacillus buchneri on the nutritive value of sugarcane silage for finishing beef bulls

“…L. buchneri is known to produce acetic acid (Oude Elferink et al, 2001), which is a powerful antifungal agent (Danner et al, 2003) capable of inhibiting yeast and reducing ethanol formation and DM loss during silage fermentation Pedroso et al, 2008;Ávila et al, 2009). In the present study, L. buchneri increased the acetic acid content by 31.5% and decreased the ethanol concentration by 70.8%.…”

“…Furthermore, ethanol is metabolized to acetate in the rumen with concomitant methane formation (Yoshii et al, 2005), which has a negative impact on the environment. Due to the undesirable characteristics of the natural fermentation of sugarcane, additives have been recommended to inhibit epiphytic yeast populations and mitigate alcohol synthesis in sugarcane silages (Pedroso et al, 2008).…”

“…A heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus buchneri, has been studied as an inoculant to improve the preservation of sugarcane silage during both anaerobic storage and air exposure (Pedroso et al, 2008;Ávila et al, 2009). L. buchneri is known to produce acetic acid (Oude Elferink et al, 2001;Pahlow et al, 2003), which is a powerful antifungal agent (Danner et al, 2003) capable of decreasing ethanol production and improving the aerobic stability of silages Reich and Kung Jr., 2010).…”