Estimation of jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) dietary amino acid requirements based on muscle amino acid composition

Abstract

Jundiá, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), is a catfish native to Central and South America. The species has a number of excellent farming features, such as easy handling, low temperature resistance, efficient feed conversion, flavorsome meat and absence of intramuscular bones, and has been increasingly raised in Southern Brazil. However, most of its nutritional requirements have not yet been determined, including the essential amino acid (EAA) requirements. The objective of the present study was to estimate such requirements through the determination of muscle tissue amino acid composition for four groups of jundiá. Two groups were wild caught and allocated in two categories: from 1 to 100 g and from 101 to 200 g. The other two groups, obtained from artificial propagation, were differentiated by the diet they had been fed for three months preceding sampling (one diet containing 38% crude protein, CP, and 3,200 kcal kg -1 estimated metabolizable energy, ME, and other with 34% CP and 3,650 kcal kg -1 ME). Similar amino acid compositions were obtained for all groups. An estimate of jundiá daily EAA requirements was made using jundiá muscle tissue composition and also taking into account the average EAA requirement for other omnivorous species such as channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus, Rafinesque, 1818), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus, 1758) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758 (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), é um bagre de ampla ocorrência nas Américas do Sul e Central e atualmente vem sendo criado na Região Sul do Brasil por ser uma espécie de fácil manejo, resistente ao frio e eficiente na conversão de alimento, além de apresentar carne saborosa e sem espinhos intramusculares. Apesar disso, muitas das exigências nutricionais desta espécie ainda não foram investigadas, dentre elas as exigências em aminoácidos essenciais (AAE). Desta maneira, o presente estudo propôs estimar estas exigências em AAE a partir da composição em AAE do tecido muscular desta espécie. Para tanto, foi determinada a composição em aminoácidos do tecido muscular de quatro grupos de jundiá, dois provenientes da natureza, diferenciados por duas faixas de peso (1 a 100 g e 101 a 200 g), e outros dois provenientes de criações, diferenciados pela dieta a que foram submetidos nos três meses antecedentes à coleta (uma contendo 38% de proteína bruta, PB, e 3200 kcal kg -1 de energia metabolizável estimada, EM, e outra contendo 34% PB e 3650 kcal kg -1 EM). A composição em aminoácidos foi similar entre todos os grupos analisados e, a partir delas, a exigência dietética em cada aminoácido essencial foi estimada levando-se em conta a exigência média de outras espécies onívoras, tais como o bagre do canal (Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, 1818), a tilápia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus, 1758) e a carpa comum (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758). Até que sejam realizados experimentos de dose-resposta para a determinação das exigências em AAE com o jundiá, sugere-se a utilização da estimativa aqui proposta para a...

Evaluation of methods to estimate the essential amino acids requirements of fish bfrom the muscle amino acid profile

“…Meyer & Fracalossi's and Tacon's methodology estimated the lysine requirement of pacu, respectively, at 13 and 23% above requirement determined using dose-response method. The values estimated by both methods lie within the range of requirements determined for other omnivorous fish species, the Meyer & Fracalossi (2005) method showing better accuracy. …”

“…Se han propuesto muchos métodos para estimar requerimientos de aminoácidos basados en el perfil de aminoácidos de peces. Este estudio valida la metodología propuesta por Meyer & Fracalossi (2005) y por Tacon (1989) para estimar los requerimientos de aminoácidos en peces, que exime del conocimiento previo sobre el requerimiento nutricional de aminoácidos de referencia. Se utilizaron datos sobre los requerimientos de aminoácidos de pacú, Piaractus mesopotamicus, para validar la precisión de los métodos analizados.…”

“…Many methods to estimate amino acid requirement based on amino acid profile of fish have been proposed. This study evaluates the methodology proposed by Meyer & Fracalossi (2005) and by Tacon (1989) to estimate amino acids requirement of fish, which do exempt knowledge on previous nutritional requirement of reference amino acid. Data on amino acid requirement of pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, were used to validate de accuracy of those methods.…”

Effect of diets containing different types of sardine waste (Sardinella sp.) protein hydrolysate on the performance and intestinal morphometry of silver catfish juveniles (Rhamdia quelen)

“…The solubility of the hydrolysate is not the only explanation for the various changes observed, since the diets containing the soluble hydrolysates of the muscle and natural viscera were deficient in some essential amino acids (lysine, methionine and threonine) for catfish (Meyer & Fracalossi, 2005). This observation can be explained by the existence of five hydrophobic amino acids (isoleucine, valine, leucine, phenylalanine and methionine), which constitute the regions in the hydrophobic domains of proteins and ultimately limit the access for the enzyme (Chothia, 1974(Chothia, , 1975.…”

Effect of dietary amino acid composition from proteins alternative to fishmeal on the growth of juveniles of the common snook, Centropomus undecimalis

“…Because of a general lack of information on the nutrient requirements of Centropomus spp, the dietary essential amino acid (EAA) profile approximated that of a freeze-dried muscle sample obtained from a wild-caught adult C. undecimalis (4 kg body weight). This formulation approach was in accordance with the work of Portz and Cyrino (2003) and Meyer and Fracalossi (2005). However, no attempt was made to balance the dietary amino acid (AA) composition in relation to the fish muscle using crystalline sources of EAA (Table 2).…”