Identification of a non-host plant of Xylella fastidiosa to rear healthy sharpshooter vectors

Marucci, Rosangela Cristina; Giustolin, Teresinha Augusta; Miranda, M. H. G. de; Miquelote, Helen; Almeida, Rodrigo P. P.; Lopes, João Roberto Spotti

doi:10.1590/s0103-90162003000400010

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…To obtain healthy sharpshooters ofthe same age for the assays, adults of B. xanthophis were raised on Vemonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae) plants, using the rearing system described by Marucci et al (2003). Adult females were removed from the rearing colony 2-3 d after their emergence and maintained for an acclimation period of 48 h on uninfected seedlings of sweet orange Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Citrus Plants Infected withXylella fastidiosaon Stylet Penetration Activities ofBucephalogonia xanthophis(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Miranda

Villada²,

Lopes

et al. 2013

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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Xylem colonization by Xylella fastidiosa promotes physiological, biochemical, and morphological alterations in citrus plants causing citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) disease, which might infiuence the feeding behavior of vectors of this bacterial pathogen and its spread in citrus groves. By using the electrical penetration graph technique, we compared the numbers and durations of stylet penetration activities by adults ofthe sharpshooter vector Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) on healthy and X. fastidiosa-infected sweet orange seedlings {Citrus sinensis (L. ) Osbeck, cv. Pera). Infected plants were either symptomatic, exhibiting the typical CVC, symptoms or totally asymptomatic. The mean time needed to contact xylem and start xylem sap ingestion after the onset ofthe first probe was similar among treatments. However, the average time elapsed between the onset ofthe first probe and the beginning of sustained xylem ingestion (>5 min) was longer on plants with CVC symptoms than on infected asymptomatic or healthy plants. In addition, the length of time spent in ingestion activities was much shorter on symptomatic plants. Our results showed that CVC symptomatic citrus plants were a less acceptable host than uninfected or asymptomatic X. /astidiosa-infected plants. Furthermore, our results support the hypothesis that symptomless infected citrus trees may be more important as sources for CVC spread than severely diseased ones.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Citrus Plants Infected withXylella fastidiosaon Stylet Penetration Activities ofBucephalogonia xanthophis(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Miranda

Villada²,

Lopes

et al. 2013

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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“…A healthy colony of B. xanthophis was maintained on plants of Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae), as described by Marucci et al (2003). For the EPG study, fourth and fifth instars were withdrawn from the colony and caged on healthy sweet orange seedlings, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv.…”

Section: Insects and Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of Bucephalogonia xanthophis, a vector of Xylella fastidiosa in citrus

Miranda

Fereres

Appezzato‐da‐Glória

et al. 2008

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The sharpshooter Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) is a vector of the xylemlimited bacterium, Xylella fastidiosa (Wells, Raju, Hung, Weisburg, Mandelco-Paul, and Brenner), which causes citrus variegated chlorosis. Despite the importance of citrus variegated chlorosis, the probing behavior of vectors on citrus and its implications for transmission of X. fastidiosa have not been studied. Here we studied electrical penetration graph (EPG-DC system) waveforms produced by B. xanthophis on Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae), and their relationships with stylet activities and xylem ingestion. Electrical penetration graph waveforms were described based on amplitude, frequency, voltage level, and electrical origin of the observed traces during stylet penetration on plant tissues. The main waveforms were correlated with histological observations of salivary sheaths in plant tissues and excretion analysis, in order to determine stylet activities and their precise position. Six waveforms and associated activities are described: (S) secretion of salivary sheath and intracellular stylet pathway, (R) resting during stylet pathway, (Xc) contact of stylets with xylem vessels, (Xi) active xylem ingestion, (N) interruption within the xylem phase (during Xc or Xi), and (W) withdrawal of stylet from the plant. The sharpshooter spent 91.8% of its probing time with its stylet in the xylem, where the main activity was ingestion (Xi: 97.5%). During a probe, the most likely sequence of events is secretion of salivary sheath and pathway (S) through epidermal and parenchyma cells (all individuals), followed by contact with xylem (Xc) (67.6% of all individuals) and ingestion (Xi) (88.3% of those that exhibit waveform Xc). The mean time to contact the xylem (Xc) and initiate ingestion (Xi) after onset of the first probe was 27.8 and 34.2 min, respectively. However, sustained xylem ingestion (Xi > 5 min) was established after 39.8 min, on average. This information is basic for future studies on the transmission mechanisms of X. fastidiosa and in order to establish control strategies aimed at interfering with this process.

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“…Obtenção de cigarrinhas e plantas-teste A cigarrinha B. xanthophis foi criada em plantas de Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae), conforme descrito por Marucci et al (2003) …”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Locais e período de alimentação da cigarrinha vetora de Xylella fastidiosa, Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), em mudas cítricas

Miranda¹,

Viola²,

Marques

et al. 2008

Rev. Bras. Frutic.

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RESUMO--A cigarrinha Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) é um importante vetor da bactéria Xylella fastidiosa, agente causal da clorose variegada dos citros. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar o local preferido de alimentação e o período de maior atividade alimentar desta cigarrinha em citros, no sentido de elucidar o comportamento alimentar relacionado à transmissão da bactéria. O local de alimentação foi estudado em ensaio de escolha, no qual 30 insetos adultos foram liberados em gaiolas de observação (n = 10) contendo uma muda de laranja-doce [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]. Após 1; 15; 21; 25; 39; 45 e 49 h da liberação, contaram-se os insetos na parte superior (ramos com brotações) e inferior (haste principal, até H"40 cm de altura) da muda. Nos ramos da parte superior, avaliou-se a preferência entre a haste, o pecíolo e o limbo foliar. Em um segundo ensaio, 20 machos e 20 fêmeas de B. xanthophis foram confinados individualmente sobre a haste de 'seedlings' de laranja-doce para determinar os períodos de alimentação, quantificando-se a excreção de 'honeydew' (medida indireta da ingestão) em períodos sucessivos de dia e noite, durante 48 h. A maioria dos indivíduos de B. xanthophis preferiu a haste dos ramos novos (62%), na parte superior da muda cítrica (91%). Nos 'seedlings', observou-se maior volume de excreção e proporção de indivíduos excretando durante a fotofase, independentemente do sexo. Portanto, em estudos de transmissão de X. fastidiosa, deve-se considerar a preferência de B. xanthophis pela haste de brotações cítricas e sua maior atividade alimentar durante a fotofase. Termos para indexação: Cicadellinae, Comportamento alimentar, Clorose variegada dos citros. FEEDING SITES AND FOOD INTAKE OF Bucephalogonia xanthophis (BERG) (HEMIPTERA: CICADELLIDAE), A SHARPSHOOTER VECTOR OF Xylella fastidiosa, ON CITRUS PLANTSABSTRACT -The sharpshooter Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is an important vector of Xylella fastidiosa, a bacterium that causes citrus variegated chlorosis. This study aimed to identify the preferred feeding sites and periods of this vector on citrus, in order to improve our understanding of the feeding behavior related to the transmission of this pathogen. The feeding sites were determined in a choice experiment, in which 30 adults were released inside observation chambers (n = 10) containing a sweet orange seedling [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]. One, fifteen, twenty-one, twenty-five, thirty-nine, forty-five, and forty-nine hours after the release, the number of insects on the upper (stem with sprouts) and bottom (primary stem, up to 40 cm above soil) parts of the plant was recorded. To determine the feeding periods, 20 males and 20 females of B. xanthophis were individually confined on the stems of sweet orange seedlings, and the honeydew excretion (indirect measure of ingestion) was quantified for 48 hours, during periods of day and night. Most B. xanthophis individuals (91%) were observed on the upper part of the plant, mainly o...

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Identification of a non-host plant of Xylella fastidiosa to rear healthy sharpshooter vectors

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of Citrus Plants Infected withXylella fastidiosaon Stylet Penetration Activities ofBucephalogonia xanthophis(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Influence of Citrus Plants Infected withXylella fastidiosaon Stylet Penetration Activities ofBucephalogonia xanthophis(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of Bucephalogonia xanthophis, a vector of Xylella fastidiosa in citrus

Locais e período de alimentação da cigarrinha vetora de Xylella fastidiosa, Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), em mudas cítricas

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