Características morfofisiológicas associadas à tolerância à seca em sete genótipos da coleção nuclear de trevo branco

Bortolini, Fernanda; Dall'Agnol, Miguel; Bissani, Carlos Alberto

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782011005000115

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Para o trevo branco, foram avaliadas diversas características que poderiam estar associadas ao déficit hídrico, sendo a taxa fotossintética e o número de folhas vivas os caracteres mais indicados para a seleção de plantas resistentes ao déficit hídrico (Bortolini et al, 2011). Na cultura do arroz, a resistência à seca está relacionada a diversos caracteres morfológicos, como sistema radicular mais vigoroso, deposição de cera nas folhas, enrolamento foliar e redução da área foliar conforme o estresse é intensificado (Luo, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterização Do Tomateiro Submetido Ao Déficit Hídrico

Morales¹,

Resende

Bordini

et al. 2015

RSA

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RESUMOO experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo avaliar as características morfofisiológicas do tomateiro quando submetido a diferentes níveis de déficit hídrico e, com base nesses resultados, indicar os melhores caracteres para seleção de plantas com maior resistência ao déficit hídrico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, em que os tratamentos principais (parcelas) foram constituídos por duas linhagens (TOM-684 e M-82) e as subparcelas por quatro níveis de umidade do solo (100 %, 75 %, 50 % e 25 % da capacidade de campo). Foram avaliados os seguintes caracteres: produção de frutos, massa fresca e seca das folhas, caule e sistema radicular, diâmetro do caule, altura das plantas, número de folhas, fotossíntese, transpiração, temperatura foliar, umidade intercelular, dióxido de carbono intercelular, condutância estomática, condutância de CO 2 intercelular e condutância total. Com a redução da umidade do solo houve redução do número de folhas, altura das plantas, massa fresca e seca das folhas, caule e sistema radicular, transpiração, taxa fotossintética, produção de frutos e aumento da temperatura foliar. A condutância estomática diferiu entre as duas linhagens, com maiores valores para a cultivar TOM-684, que reduziu a condutância estomática de 0,70 para 0,25 mol m -2 s -1 entre os níveis de 100 e 25 % da capacidade de campo. A altura das plantas e o número de folhas podem ser utilizadas em programas de melhoramento como ferramenta para seleção de plantas com maior resistência ao déficit hídrico.Palavras-chave: Solanum lycopersicum; Tolerância a seca; Déficit hídrico; Eficiência do uso da água. ABSTRACTThe experiment was conducted to evaluate the morphological/physiological characteristics of tomato plants when submitted to different levels of water deficit and, based on these results, indicate the best characters for the selection of plants with more tolerance to water deficit. The experimental delineation was in randomized complete block design, with four replications, arranged in splitplot, in which the main treatments (plots) were composed by two strains (TOM-684 and M-82) and the subplots, by four levels of soil moisture (100 %, 75 %, 50 % and 25 % of the field capacity). The following parameters were evaluated: fruit production, leaf, stem and root system fresh and dry mass, , stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves, photosynthesis, transpiration, foliar temperature, intracellular moisture, intracellular carbon dioxide, stomatal conductance, conductance of intracellular CO 2 and total conductance. With the reduction of soil moisture occurred reduction in the number of leaves, plant height and leaf, stem and root system fresh and dry mass, transpiration, photosynthetic rate, fruit production and increase of foliar temperature The stomatal conductance differed between both strains, with higher values for the TOM-684 strain, which reduced stomatal conductance from 0,70 to 0,25 mol m -2 s -1 between levels of 100 and 25 % of...

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterização Do Tomateiro Submetido Ao Déficit Hídrico

Morales¹,

Resende

Bordini

et al. 2015

RSA

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“…The reduction on the number of leaves and the leaf area on plants under water deficit has been observed by several authors (Tatagiba, 2006;Martins, 2010;Bortolini et al, 2011;Mar et al, 2013). The limitation on the leaf production and the reduction on the leaf area increase is considered as the first line of defense against water deficiency (Mar et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Weed Growth and Dry Matter Partition Under Water Restriction

et al. 2016

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The capacity of a weed to adapt to the restriction of growth factors is directly related to its ability to compete for those resources with the cultivated species. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of water restriction on the growth and biomass partitioning of four species of weeds. The experimental design used randomized blocks, with five replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial, with the first factor being the weed species (Waltheria indica, Crotalaria retusa, Cleome affinis and Commelina benghalensis) and the second, two water regimes: daily irrigation (Irr) and water restriction (WR). The number of leaves, leaf area, dry mass of the plant and its parts (root, stem and leaf), and the mass distribution among different organs (roots, leaves and stems) were determined. The water deficit in the soil increased the root dry matter for C. retusa, W. indica and C. benghalensis, however, it did not alter the mass of the stem of the weeds. C. retusa and W. indica suffered a reduction on the number of leaves, leaf area, dry matter of the leaves and the plant dry matter under water deficit. W. indica and C. retusa had a reduction on the percentage of biomass allocated to the leaves, and an increment on the percentage of the roots mass, while C. benghalensis and C. affinis had an increase only on the roots mass.

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“…*** Significant at 0.1 %. Bortolini et al (2011) evaluated the morphological and physiological characteristics associated with drought tolerance in seven genotypes from the core collection of white clover, under the influence of soil water availability (40 and 90 % of field capacity) and did not achieve statistical difference at availability of 40 %, but at availability of 90 % there was no interaction of this variable with the chlorophyll content.…”

Section: -47pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pigeon pea is even being considered a rustic plant tolerant to water stress, which has also hampered its development when subjected to environments with low water availability. The decrease in productivity prevents photosynthesis, because water is a basic component of the reaction and is also responsible for maintaining transpiration which is essential for the permeability of carbon dioxide in mesophyll (BUCHANAN et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AVAILABILITY OF SOIL WATER IN THE INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF PIGEON PEA CULTIVATED IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT - DOI: 10.13083/1414-3984/reveng.v23n1p39-47

Bonfim-Silva¹,

Frigo²,

Santos³

et al. 2015

Reveng

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The pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) is an erect legume used for various purposes, such as improving plant and soil reclamation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the development of pigeon pea cv. IAPAR 43 Arata subjected to different soil water availabilities. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with six soil water availabilities (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 % of the maximum capacity of water retention in the soil) and six replications. Soil moisture at field capacity was 0.24 cm3 cm-3. Plastic pots were used with 5.0 dm3 of capacity and each contained three plants. Soil moisture was maintained gravimetrically. The parameters analyzed were soil pH, SPAD reading, number of leaves and dry weight of leaves, stems and roots. The results were submitted to analysis of variance with regression testing considering 5.0 % of probability and all were fitted to quadratic regression model. The higher results for soil pH and SPAD readings were observed in 80 and 31.78 % water availability, respectively. The results that offered the highest number of leaves and dry weight of leaves, stems and root were between 51.82 and 59.02 % of the maximum soil water retention capacity. The pigeon pea cv. IAPAR 43 Arata is sensitive to drought and also to saturated soil conditions, where the best water availability for this crop is in the range from 51.82 to 59.02 %.

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Características morfofisiológicas associadas à tolerância à seca em sete genótipos da coleção nuclear de trevo branco

Abstract: IIICaracterísticas morfofisiológicas associadas à tolerância à seca em sete genótipos da coleção nuclear de trevo branco

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Caracterização Do Tomateiro Submetido Ao Déficit Hídrico

Caracterização Do Tomateiro Submetido Ao Déficit Hídrico

Weed Growth and Dry Matter Partition Under Water Restriction

AVAILABILITY OF SOIL WATER IN THE INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF PIGEON PEA CULTIVATED IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT - DOI: 10.13083/1414-3984/reveng.v23n1p39-47

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