Anoftalmia clínica bilateral associada à hidrocefalia congênita em cão

Objective Provide epidemiological data regarding the prevalence of congenital ocular malformations in dogs and cats. Animals studied A population of 32 974 dogs and 13 977 cats that presented for consultation at the veterinary teaching hospital. Procedures Medical records from 2011 to 2018 were reviewed. A retrospective and prospective epidemiological clinical study addressing congenital ocular malformations was conducted. Signalment, medical history, reason for presentation, clinical findings, vision impairment, and treatment options were analyzed. Results From the total of cases analyzed, 103 dogs (0.3%) and 20 cats (0.1%) met the inclusion criteria. The majority of dogs were mixed breed, the most common breed being the French Bulldog, while the majority of cats were European domestic shorthair. The median age of diagnosis was 12 months for dogs and 6 months for cats. Sex predisposition was not found. The most frequently identified abnormalities were as follows: congenital cataract (dogs: 31.1%; cats: 30.0%), microphthalmia (dogs: 35.0%, cats: 25.0%), and persistent pupillary membrane (dogs: 27.2%, cats: 40.0%). Some of the concurrently observed malformations were significantly associated. A statistically significant association was found between ocular dermoids and the French Bulldog breed (P < .001). Conclusions Even though congenital ocular malformations are uncommon, knowledge about their prevalence is important, since they can cause vision impairment or even blindness. Moreover, some human ocular disease phenotypes are similar to the ones presented by dogs and cats, so they can be used as models to investigate pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches.

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“…No gender predisposition was found. Other publications report clinical anophthalmos in 1‐month and 3‐month‐old dogs 45,46 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital ocular malformations in dogs and cats: 123 cases

Saraiva

Delgado

2020

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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“…Os dois animais eram de pequeno porte e um deles da raça maltês, definida como predisposta à patologia (CARVALHO et al, 2007;LORENZ et al, 2010;PALUMBO et al, 2011;CHAVES et al, 2015). E, apesar da raça Pinscher não ser considerada como predisponente, LUDWIG et al (2015) descreveram caso de hidrocefalia com a referida raça, assim como o presente relato.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Esta condição pode ser classificada como congênita ou adquirida, sendo a primeira mais comum e descrita em cães jovens. (LORENZ et al, 2010;PALUMBO et al, 2011;CHAVES et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Hidrocefalia Congênita Em Cão – Relato De Dois Casos

Silva¹,

Castro²,

Wilson³

et al. 2016

Enci Bio

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RESUMOA hidrocefalia congênita é uma afecção, que acomete mais frequentemente cães de raças de pequeno porte, decorrente do aumento de volume de líquido cefalorraquidiano dentro do sistema ventricular, com consequente dilatação e destruição do parênquima cerebral. Este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar dois casos desta anomalia. O primeiro de uma cadela, da raça Pinscher, com 42 dias de idade e o segundo de uma cadela, da raça Maltês, 18 meses de idade. As cadelas foram encaminhadas ao setor de Patologia Animal da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia para realização de necropsia. Macroscopicamente verificou-se, dentre outras alterações, aumento de tamanho da caixa craniana, alargamento de fontanelas, assimetria dos telencéfalos e dilatação dos ventrículos laterais, que estavam preenchidos por demasiada quantidade de líquido citrino. Microscopicamente foi possível observar, em fragmentos de córtex cerebral e cerebelar, aumento do espaço perivascular e vasos repletos de hemácias, que caracterizou edema e congestão de cérebro e cerebelo. A detecção da hidrocefalia na idade da cadela Maltês é incomum, já que a maioria dos animais que manifestam a doença não atinge à idade adulta. A reunião de achados clínicos, anatomopatológicos e de imagem permitiu o diagnóstico de hidrocefalia congênita. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: hidrocéfalo, líquido cefalorraquidiano, ventrículos cerebrais. HYDROCEPHALUS CONGENITAL IN DOGS -TWO CASES REPORT ABSTRACTCongenital hydrocephalus is a condition that affects more often small breeds of dogs, due to increased volume of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricular system, with consequent dilation and destruction of brain parenchyma. This study aimed to report two cases of this anomaly. The first of a female dog, Pinscher breed, with 42 days of age and the second of a female dog, Maltese breed, 18 months old. The dogs were sent to the Animal Pathology Department, Federal University of Uberlândia for necropsy. Macroscopically there was, among other changes, increase in size of the

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“…Through histology and ultrasound exams, secondary anophthalmia in the reported patient was confirmed. Several reports had a clinical examination, ultrasound, and histopathology as a means of diagnosis [3,7,11,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Anophthalmia in Feline

Andrade

Rey

Santos

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Anophthalmia is a rare, congenital condition, defined as the complete absence of the eye bulb due to inadequate growth of the vesicle or optic dome. The malformation can be primary (in the absence of complete), secondary (in the presence of only residual tissue), or degenerative (in which the eye begins to form, but for some reason, it begins to degenerate). This condition is rare in dogs, cats, cattle, and sheep. Microscopic evaluation of orbital tissue for identification is always recommended. The aim of this study was to report a case of bilateral anophthalmia in a domestic cat.Case: A feline male, healthy, Maine Coon breed with 60 days of life was attended at the one veterinary private clinic. The cat, negative for FIV and FeLV, was born in a commercial cattery, belonging to his mother's third litter, healthy litter with the exception of this feline. He arrived with a complaint of not opening his eyelids, like the rest of the litter. In the clinical examination, it was found the normality of vital signs, absence of other visible anatomical abnormalities, only the ocular region was observed with closed eyelids. The initial suspicions were anophthalmia and microphthalmia. The patient was referred for an ocular ultrasound, which showed the complete absence of the right and left eye bulbs. The right and left orbital cavities had only a volume of soft, amorphous, and predominantly homogeneous tissue. After the ultrasound report, the patient underwent a surgical procedure to remove a fragment of tissue from the eye socket, which was sent for histopathological examination to confirm anophthalmia and discard the differential diagnosis of microphthalmia. Microscopy revealed immature, epithelial, and glandular tissue in the middle of discrete and moderate connective tissue, loosely arranged. In some fragments, cartilaginous tissue was also revealed. Thus, the histological findings are compatible with immature, pseudoformed tissues and without neoplastic characteristics. The diagnosis of secondary anophthalmia was reached with use of ultrasound and histological reports.Discussion: Congenital malformations in domestic cats are less frequent than in dogs, some of which are rare, and little reported. Secondary anophthalmia in the reported patient was confirmed by histological and ultrasound examination. Bilateral secondary anophthalmia is characterized by the absence of the eyeball, but with the presence of adjacent tissue. The animal was submitted to an ocular ultrasound examination and the complete absence of ocular bulbs was found. The differential diagnosis of microphthalmia was ruled out because there was no evidence of the eyeball. Microphthalmia is a common congenital ophthalmic disorder in veterinary medicine. Representative fragments were submitted to histopathological examination, where immature, epithelial tissue was found. In some fragments sent for analysis, cartilaginous tissue was observed. The histological findings are compatible with immature, pseudoformed tissues, thus verifying bilateral congenital anophthalmia in the reported animal. The clinical examination in these cases serves to ensure that the animal does not have any other congenital changes, allowing a favorable prognosis in puppies. Based on the information presented, the animal in this study has bilateral secondary congenital anophthalmia, with a favorable prognosis for the patient to live with certain normality, with quality and well-being.

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Anoftalmia clínica bilateral associada à hidrocefalia congênita em cão

Abstract: RESUMO

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Congenital ocular malformations in dogs and cats: 123 cases

Congenital ocular malformations in dogs and cats: 123 cases

Hidrocefalia Congênita Em Cão – Relato De Dois Casos

Bilateral Anophthalmia in Feline

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