Germinação in vitro de pólen de híbridos interespecíficos entre o caiaué e o dendezeiro

Chia, Gilson Sanchez; Lopes, Ricardo; Cunha, Raimundo Nonato Vieira da; Rocha, Raimundo Nonato Carvalho da

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782009005000082

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…However, E. oleifera is fairly indicated and utilized in species-improvement programs because, despite geographically distant in origin, these two species are compatible in crossbreeding and generate fertile hybrids (Chia et al, 2009). Extensive germplasm collections of the American oil palm (E. oleifera) were made throughout the Amazon River Basin by the Brazilian agricultural research agency Embrapa (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária) and the IRHO (Institut de Recherches pour les Huiles et Oleagineux, France) in the mid-1980s, becoming an invaluable source of genetic material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, genetic improvement programs for African oil palm (Elaeis guineenis) have sought the introgression of genes of interest present in germplasm from the American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera). Thus, elite plants of E. guineensis and E. oleifera have been crossed in order to obtain F1 hybrids with good productivity, shorter stature and resistance to disease (Barcelos et al, 2002;Chia et al, 2009;Scherwinski-Pereira et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptability and leaf anatomical features in oil palm seedlings produced by embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds

Luis

Bezerra

Scherwinski‐Pereira

2010

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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Changes in the leaf structure of plants grown in different conditions have been reported, such as increase in size and density of stomata and reduction in stomatal control, amount of epicuticular wax, and mesophyll thickness, with a high diversity of intercellular spaces. However, these changes are highly variable depending on the physiological and morphological characteristics of each species. The objective of this work was to analyze the adaptability and anatomical plasticity of oil palm seedlings produced after embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds. Expanded leaves were prepared for evaluation of morphometric data and anatomical structures. It was verified that the environmental conditions in vitro negatively influenced the stomata density, epidermal and hypodermal thickness, and the values for the expansion cells and leaf mesophile. Anatomically, the oil palm leaves present the same tissues composition in both growth conditions, with uniseriate epidermal cells, and tetracitic stomata occurring in both epidermal surfaces. Epidermal cells from in vitro plants are thinner than ones from greenhouse. The midrib of leaves from greenhouse plants are more developed and is composed by only one central vascular bundle, while plants from in vitro cultivation developed three to four collateral vascular bundles.Key words: Elaeis guineensis, Arecaceae, germination, embryo culture, acclimatization, plantlets metabolism. RESUMOAdaptabilidade e características anatômicas de folhas em mudas de dendezeiros produzidas pelo resgate de embriões e sementes pré-germinadas.Alterações na estrutura da folha de plantas crescidas em diferentes ambientes têm sido relatadas, como o aumento no tamanho e densidade dos estômatos e a redução no controle estomático, na quantidade de cera epicuticular e na espessura do mesofilo, com alta diversidade de espaços intercelulares. Entretanto, tais alterações são altamente variáveis em função das características fisiológicas e morfológicas próprias de cada espécie. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a adaptabilidade e plasticidade anatômica foliar de mudas de dendezeiros produzidas pelo resgate de embriões e sementes pré-germinadas cultivadas num sistema in vitro ou em casa de vegetação. Cortes transversais e paradérmicos, além da dissociação de tecidos, foram preparados para obtenção dos dados morfométricos e anatômicos. Verificou-se que as condições ambientais do cultivo in vitro influenciaram negativamente os valores da densidade estomática, espessura da epiderme e hipoderme, e os valores obtidos para as células de expansão e do mesofilo foliar. Anatomicamente as folhas de dendezeiro apresentam a mesma composição tecidual em ambas condições de cultivo, com epiderme unisseriada, estômatos do tipo tetracítico de ocorrência em ambas as faces epidérmicas. As células epidérmicas das folhas de plantas in vitro são mais delgadas que as da casa de vegetação. Nas plantas de casa de vegetação a nervura principal é mais desenvolvida sendo formada por apenas um grande feixe vascular, enquanto que...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptability and leaf anatomical features in oil palm seedlings produced by embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds

Luis

Bezerra

Scherwinski‐Pereira

2010

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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“…Chia et al . (), dealing with interspecific hybridization between Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cortés and E. guineensis , found lower pollen germination rates. Perhaps this result is due to the long periods of pollen desiccation used by these authors (24 h) instead of 4 h used in our treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Recent studies have shown that low pollen viability in hybrids of E. guineensis reduces fruit production (Chia et al ., ; Moura et al ., ). The present experiment was aimed at establishing a protocol for evaluating culture media for pollen germination in E. guineensis for use in breeding programmes for this species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing culture media for pollen germination ofElaeis guineensisJacq. (oil palm, Arecaceae)

et al. 2016

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Understanding pollen germination is of great importance for breeding and conservation. We present a protocol for evaluating culture media for germination of pollen of Elaeis guineensis. Samples were collected in the municipality of Nilo Pec ßanha (State of Bahia, Brazil). A solution of aniline blue in lactophenol was used to determine viability of pollen grains. Two alternative culture media to evaluate germination rates of pollen grains were tested: M1, Brewbaker and Kwack medium; and M2, BCa medium, with addition of boron and calcium. Both media were used with 20% sucrose at pH 6.5. The pollen grains were dried at room temperature in silica gel for 4 h and later placed on slides containing culture media, kept in a Petri dish with filter paper wetted with distilled water and stored in chamber at 30°C for 24 h. The greatest viability rate was 94% for fresh pollen grains. Highest germination rates were 26 and 64% for M1 and M2, respectively. There was no positive correlation between viability and germination for either M1 or M2 (Pearson's and Spearman's correlation, respectively). Dried pollen on BCa medium (M2) is useful for in vitro germination experiments of E. guineensis given appropriate concentration of sucrose and ions, pH, temperature and incubation time and in the absence of light.

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“…A arquitetura das inflorescências ginandromorfas assemelha-se às inflorescências masculinas normais, apresentando espiguetas cilíndricas elipsoides carregando muitas flores, mas em vez das flores masculinas, desenvolvem-se pequenas flores femininas e a inflorescência é incapaz de produzir pólen (BAUDOUIN, 1983). Além disso, a polinização no HIE é afetada pela baixa atratividade dos polinizadores da espécie africana pelas inflorescências do HIE e pela menor viabilidade de pólen produzido (CHIA et al, 2009). Em virtude dessas características, plantios comerciais de HIE requerem polinização assistida para atingir seu potencial produtivo (CUNHA; LOPES, 2010), o que eleva o custo de produção, pois é necessário produzir ou comprar pólen, e manter rondas para polinização a cada dois ou três dias, para identificar e polinizar inflorescências femininas no período adequado de recepção do pólen.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Gene sh e ginandromorfia em inflorescências masculinas de híbridos F1 entre o caiaué e o dendezeiro

Chia¹,

Lopes²,

Cunha³

et al. 2012

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RESUMO: Os programas de melhoramento genético têm explorado o caiaué no desenvolvimento de híbridos interespecíficos (HIE) com o dendezeiro, principalmente para desenvolver cultivares resistentes ao Amarelecimento Fatal (AF), anomalia à qual o dendezeiro é suscetível. Nesses HIE, tem sido verificada a ocorrência de ginandromorfia nas inflorescências masculinas, característica que afeta a produção de pólen das plantas. Neste estudo, foi analisada a relação entre o gene sh (gene da espessura do endocarpo) e a ocorrência da ginadromorfia nos HIE. Foram analisados três tipos de cruzamentos: 12 cruzamentos de caiaué com dendezeiro-dura, homozigoto sh+sh+ (C × D); 11 de caiaué com dendezeiro pisífera, homozigoto sh-sh-(C × P), e 15 de caiaué com dendezeiro-tenera, heterozigoto sh+sh-(C × T), com 10 a 13 plantas por cruzamento. A ocorrência de inflorescências ginandromorfas foi avaliada durante um ano. A ocorrência média de plantas com inflorescências ginandromorfas foi de 9,6% nos cruzamentos C × D e de 14,6% nos C × T, valores que não diferiram estatisticamente entre si, e que foram estatisticamente inferiores à média de plantas com inflorescências ginandromorfas dos cruzamentos C × P (71,32%). Nos cruzamentos estudados, foi encontrada clara associação do alelo sh-com a ginandromorfia em inflorescências masculinas e verificado que a anomalia ocorre durante todos os meses do ano. (BR), an anomaly to which oil palm is susceptible. The occurrence of gynandromorphy in the male inflorescences was verified in these ISH, a characteristic that affects the plant pollen production. The relation between the sh gene (shell thickness gene), present in oil palm, and the occurrence of gynandromorphy in the ISH were analyzed in this study. Three types of crosses were analyzed: 12 crosses between caiaue and oil palm dura (C × D), 15 crosses between caiaue and oil palm tenera (C × T), and 11 crosses between caiaue and oil palm pisifera (C × P), with 10 to 13 plants per cross. The occurrence of gynandromorphy was evaluated for one year. The average occurrence of plants with gynandromorphs inflorescences was 9.6% in the C × D crosses and 14.6% in the C × T crosses, with no statistical differences, and they were statistically lower than the average in the C × P crosses (71.3%). There is a clear association between the sh-alelle and gynandromorphic male inflorescences in these crosses, which occurs throughout the year. ABSTRACT: Oil palm breeding programs have explored caiaue for the development of interspecific hybrids (ISH) with oil palm, mainly to develop varieties resistant to Bud RotGene sh e ginandromorfia em inflorescências masculinas de híbridos F1 entre o caiaué e o dendezeiro Sh gene and gynandromorphy in male inflorescences of F1 hybrid between caiaue and oil palm

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Germinação in vitro de pólen de híbridos interespecíficos entre o caiaué e o dendezeiro

Abstract: Germinação in vitro de pólen de híbridos interespecíficos entre o caiaué e o dendezeiroIn vitro pollen germination of interespecifics hybrids between caiaué and oil palm

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Adaptability and leaf anatomical features in oil palm seedlings produced by embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds

Adaptability and leaf anatomical features in oil palm seedlings produced by embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds

Testing culture media for pollen germination ofElaeis guineensisJacq. (oil palm, Arecaceae)

Gene sh e ginandromorfia em inflorescências masculinas de híbridos F1 entre o caiaué e o dendezeiro

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