Rede social: desvendando a teia de relações interpessoais da nutriz

Abstract

Este é um estudo qualitativo que se refere à relação da rede social e a amamentação. Como fundamentação teórica, utilizou-se a Teoria da Rede Social de Sanicola, bem como a Teoria das Representações Sociais descrita por Moscovici e Minayo. Participaram do estudo mães, pais e avós, de crianças até dois anos, residentes no município de Coimbra-MG. A análise compreensiva da rede social da nutriz revelou que esta pode oferecer apoio/suporte ou não para o sucesso da lactação. Assim sendo, o apoio recebido foi expresso de várias formas: (1) Auxílio nas atividades domésticas; (2) Ajuda nos cuidados com o bebê; (3) Estímulo ao aleitamento; e (4) Orientações e conselhos. Nessa perspectiva, pensar em rede social implica conhecer o contexto sociocultural no qual a mulher-mãe está inserida, ampliando o olhar sobre a lactação, além de fornecer subsídios para a formulação de políticas públicas mais eficazes em prol do aleitamento.

Influence of the social network on the breastfeeding process: a phenomenological study

“…In agreement with this research's results, a study conducted at a community in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, also demonstrated that women in the breastfeeding phase presented strong ties to their primary social networks, which comprised: mother, partner, friends and neighbors. That research also demonstrated the importance of a relationship of familiarity with social network members in order to ensure successful breastfeeding and increase in its length 7 . Identification of respondent's social networks enabled a global view of their relationship context, as well as the understanding of the influence of these relationships on the breastfeeding process, evidencing these women's typical actions.…”

“…Some possible causes for early weaning that were mentioned were socioeconomic and geographical differences, which are barriers for women to receive quality health care and be monitored during the breastfeeding process 5 . In Brazil, starting in the 90s, some studies on breastfeeding demonstrated the importance of considering women capable of choices, of having certain sensibilities, histories, daily routines and as individuals who need somebody at their side for support and care [6][7][8][9] . In this perspective, it is necessary to consider both biological and social aspects of breastfeeding in order to understand the conditional factors of this practice.…”

“…Thus, most studies focused on the theme of breastfeeding pointed to the biological aspects that are part of its practice 1,10,14 . To complement that, qualitative studies on social conditions, such as the influence of social support or social network on breastfeeding, as well as studies with a phenomenological approach, enhance the understanding of the breastfeeding phenomenon [6][7][8] . As such, the aim of this study was to understand the influence of women's social network during the breastfeeding process.…”

Which factors influence women in the decision to breastfeed?

“…1,14,29 It was verified that the centrality of the decision to breastfeed, most of the time was in the act of breastfeeding or in the variables related to the mother-infant dyad. The prospect of focusing on the decision-making by women decision does not ignore interfering, hindering or facilitating elements exercised by others in other conditions of role, as shown by studies referring to the importance of fathers and grandparents in breastfeeding.…”

“…6 During the prenatal period the women received information about breast massage, breastfeeding until six months of life, proper latch, cracking and skin-to-skin of the mother with the baby after delivery, as advocated by national and international public policy and it is essential to encourage them in this decision. 11,14,18 Also, the participation in support groups favored twice more the women to breastfeed compared with women did not obtain this support. 34 The aim of the groups is to inform, answer questions and listen the mothers, addressing topics of interest and doubt among postpartum women as care of the breasts if breast engorgement occurs, bottle feeding use, weak milk and how long to breastfeed.…”