Scuola Filosofia Cittadinanza nel pensiero di Gramsci: Esercizi di lettura

José Martí and Antonio Gramsci: The World as a Radical Geography

“…As to Gramsci's reception in the Anglophone world, his work has inspired a substantial body of critical scholarship since the Prison Notebooks ’ translation in the 1970s (see Buttigieg 2018) to the extent that, in the mid‐1990s, the Italian Giorgio Baratta began to observe a particular and progressive interest around the “deep geographic sense” recurring in the Sardinian's reflections, asking whether “we should go beyond this [interest] and wondering—as scholars have recently started to do—whether Gramsci's thought is actually a very modern appropriation of ‘spatial’ and ‘territorial’ questions that permeate society and unsettle the world” (Baratta 1995:14). Baratta's insight was certainly generated by Edward Said's decisive engagement with Gramsci's North/South relations (Said 1978, 1993) which made the Sardinian an essential source of inspiration for Postcolonial Studies.…”

O autor responde

“…Gramsci analisa a educação, em certa medida, como uma forma institucionalizada de enculturação, possibilitada por um complexo processo dialético de transformação e conservação do modo de vida capitalista, com base em contradições e conflitos nas sociedades desiguais que marcam a era contemporânea 7,8 . Nessa perspectiva, para a luta política orientada à transformação da sociedade, é crucial uma compreensão profunda e cuidadosa dos mecanismos e instrumentos de transmissão da cultura dominante e da reprodução das relações de classe social, realizadas nas sociedades modernas pela instituição da escola.…”

“…Conforme analisa Giorgio Baratta 7 Numa perspectiva mais fundamental, para Gramsci 9 (p. 18), "...todos os homens são intelectuais, mas nem todos os homens têm na sociedade a função de intelectuais". Para dar conta desse papel social específico, Gramsci elaborou um conceito funcional de intelectual orgânico que tem sido mal interpretado e, muitas vezes, utilizado de modo idealizado e descontextualizado.…”

Reclaiming Gramsci's “historicity”: A critical analysis of the British appropriation in light of the “crisis of democracy”

“…The “globalization” of Gramsci, or, to paraphrase Dipesh Chakrabarty (2000), the provincialization of Gramsci (meaning the fragmentation and weakening of Gramsci's concepts as a way of giving them new life in different contexts; see also Harootunian, 2020) is not incompatible with a philological reading of his work, as Joseph Buttigieg (1990) and Italian scholarship have abundantly demonstrated (Baratta, 2000; Cospito, 2016; Di Meo, 2020; Frosini & Liguori, 2004; Francioni & Giasi, 2020). However, the propensity to distance the central and most prolifically applied concept, “hegemony,” from the “rhythm of his thought” (Cospito, 2016) has clearly been fraught with potential danger (Baker, 2016).…”