2000
DOI: 10.1590/s0103-50532000000500004
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Abstract: Amostras de ceras do ninho e da própolis de Apis mellifera foram analisadas. Observou-se a predominância de ésteres, seguidos de hidrocarbonetos. Os constituintes foram identificados por cromatografia a gás/espectrometria de massas. Amplas variações foram observadas nos padrões de hidrocarbonetos e dos ácidos e álcoois de ésteres. As cadeias carbônicas dos hidrocarbonetos abrangem a faixa C 23 -C 35 , com o predomínio de C 27 e C 31 . O principal ácido carboxílico foi C 16:0 , seguido de C 18:0 e C 18:1 . Os p… Show more

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Cited by 30 publications
(25 citation statements)
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References 20 publications
(39 reference statements)
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“…The NIR-results clearly confirmed that the separated solid phase from the raw propolis is beeswax. This proves that our simple separation procedure is in agreement with the sophisticated instrumental analysis of beeswax samples extracted from propolis samples (Negri et al, 1998;Negri et al, 2000;Lozina et al, 2010;Bonvehi and Gutiérrez, 2011). The variation of the beeswax content in the samples (1 -42.5%) corresponds with the ranges found in literature of 2 -30% (Aliboni et al, 2011), 7.5 -35% (Farré et al, 2004), 2 -30% (Bonvehi and Gutiérrez, 2011) and 3.8 -30.6% (Lozina et al, 2010).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 73%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The NIR-results clearly confirmed that the separated solid phase from the raw propolis is beeswax. This proves that our simple separation procedure is in agreement with the sophisticated instrumental analysis of beeswax samples extracted from propolis samples (Negri et al, 1998;Negri et al, 2000;Lozina et al, 2010;Bonvehi and Gutiérrez, 2011). The variation of the beeswax content in the samples (1 -42.5%) corresponds with the ranges found in literature of 2 -30% (Aliboni et al, 2011), 7.5 -35% (Farré et al, 2004), 2 -30% (Bonvehi and Gutiérrez, 2011) and 3.8 -30.6% (Lozina et al, 2010).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 73%
“…When using sufficient parameters, adulteration percentages down to 5% can be determined. Both the de-waxing and analytical procedures to confirm the identity of the isolated beeswax are laborious and demand advanced technology (Negri et al, 1998;Negri et al, 2000;Jiménez et al, 2003;Jiménez et al, 2004;Bernal et al, 2005;Jiménez et al, 2007;Bonvehi and Bernejo, 2012). The aim of our study is two-fold.…”
mentioning
confidence: 98%
“…These waxes were not analyzed in the present study as their composition has already been studied by other Brazilian authors. 13,14 Analytical procedures Dry residue free of moisture and volatile substances. 10 g of finely ground propolis was heated to 100 °C for 5 hours, then desiccated until constant weight.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Comb wax has long been known to be a bee-secreted 10 product. There are no strong reasons to refute the assumption that propolis wax 12,13 may have a similar origin. Although in some cases samples of propolis and comb waxes collected from the same colonies (simultaneously or at different times) emerge in distinct clusters or even Groups of Figure 1 (such as Pr2 (14) and Co2 (14)), it is interesting to note that, among five combpropolis pairs collected simultaneously from the same colonies (corresponding to reference 14), three of them (Co1-Pr1, Co3-Pr3 and Co5-Pr5) are closely associated in Figure 1.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Samples of propolis and comb waxes of Apis mellifera from Brazil yielded predominantly monoesters, formed by moieties of carboxylic acids and alcohols with unbranched carbon chains, followed by hydrocarbons with odd numbers of carbon atoms. [12][13][14] Triterpenic alcohols, including α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lupeol and its respective acetates were found in five samples of propolis waxes 14 from the State of São Paulo (Brazil), corresponding to more than 20% of the wax. Pereira et al 15 detected alkanes with 26-35 carbon atoms in crude hexane extracts of Brazilian propolis.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%