The aim of this research is to analyze in historical perspective the role undertaken by the Brazilian government in South America, focused on continuities and changes of the regional integration process undertaken by post-neoliberal governments. The assumption of this research is based on the changes in the conduct of regional integration process in Brazil during the post-neoliberal agenda under Lula da Silva's Government (2003-2010), whose foreign policy orientation regarding South America has contributed to a deeper integrationist engagement at the regional level and a review for regional model thinking and political practices. In this way, the purpose of this research is also to identify and analyze the political lineage framework on regional integration taken by the post-neoliberal governments in Brazil and contribute to reflect and understand Brazilian Post-Neoliberal Regionalism practices in the international relations studies. Therefore, to identify the policies undertaken by post neoliberal governments which efforts are likely to consolidate the region as a Political, | 10