Diagnósticos e intervenções de enfermagem em idosos hospitalizados

Abstract

Objective: The present study aims to know the main nursing diagnostics (DE) and to propose the nursing interventions for the main (DE) found in this population. Methods: It is a retroactive study, performed on the geriatric wing of a university hospital in the city of São Paulo. The population was defined by the instruments of nursing data collection within the period of June to December/2000. Results: The main DE were: Risk of infection (100%), Impaired physical mobility (50,7%), Altered nutrition: less than the corporeal needs (44,7%), self-care deficit (43,4%), impaired skin integrity (41,8%). Conclusion: The DE and the interventions, when linked, allow a better solution for the highlighted problem, making nursing easier and maintaining individual care. Keywords: Nursing diagnosis; Gerontologic Nursing; Aged; Retrospective studies RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer os principais diagnósticos de enfermagem (DE) em idosos e propor as intervenções de enfermagem para os principais DE encontrados nesta população. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, realizado na enfermaria de geriatria de um hospital universitário da cidade de São Paulo. A população foi constituída pelos instrumentos de coleta de dados de enfermagem no período de junho a dezembro de 2000. Resultados: Os principais DE foram: Risco para infecção (100%), Mobilidade física prejudicada (50,7%), Nutrição alterada: menos que as necessidades corpóreas (44,7%), déficit no autocuidado (43,3%), integridade da pele prejudicada (41,8%). Conclusão: O diagnóstico de enfermagem e as intervenções quando interligadas, permitem melhor solução para o problema levantado, facilitando a conduta de enfermagem e mantendo a assistência individualizada. Descritores: Diagnóstico de enfermagem; Enfermagem geriátrica; Idoso; Estudos retrospectivos RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer los principales diagnósticos de enfermería (DE) y proponer las intervenciones para los principales DE encontrados en esta población. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo, realizado en el servicio de geriatría de un hospital universitario de la ciudad de Sao Paulo. La población estuvo constituida por los instrumentos de recolección de datos de enfermería en el período de junio a diciembre del 2000. Resultados: Los principales DE fueron: Riesgo p/ infección (100%), Movilidad física perjudicada (50,7%), Nutrición alterada: menos que las necesidades corpóreas (44,7%), déficit en el autocuidado (43,3%), integridad de la piel perjudicada (41,8%). Conclusión: El DE y las intervenciones cuando están interligadas, permiten mejor solución para el problema levantado, facilitando la conducta de enfermería y manteniendo la asistencia individualizada.

Diagnóstico de enfermagem memória prejudicada em idosos hospitalizados

“…When performing a simple analysis, it was concluded that within a 30 day period, each day, at least four new elderly were hospitalized in the wards studied, corroborating studies in which rates of hospitalization of patients over 80 years were found to be four to five times higher than those for the group between 40-49 years (11,15) . This situation demands specific and specialized nursing care for the promotion of effective care.…”

“…Thus, the percentage of elderly patients with NDIM who presented low levels of schooling and scored below 18 on the MMSE are very close (approximately 80%), justifying the identification of a direct relationship between cognitive reserve capacity and the level of schooling (11)(12) . The high prevalence of DC7, forgetting to perform an action at the planned time, is related to low scores in the ADL and IADL scales, the clock test and reports of the participants and caregivers.…”

“…Initially, in order to highlight the DCs of the NDIM and due to the need to validate, in the hospital environment, the applicability of the tests: MiniMental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the Lawton Instrumental Activities for Daily Living Scale (IADL), and the Katz Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL). Instruments used internationally in elderly health care (11)(12)(13) . A pilot test was conducted and resulted in the creation of a protocol for the identification of the NDIM.…”

Instabilidade Postural Em Idosos Durante a Hospitalização - Revisão De Literatura

“…A mobilidade física é conceituada como uma restrição no movimento físico independente e voluntário do corpo de uma ou mais extremidades 16 . A instabilidade postural está relacionada a uma das principais desordens que afeta a vida dos idosos, pois leva a dificuldade na deambulação, aumenta o risco de queda, pode gerar imobilidade, baixa autoestima e desenvolver medo e insegurança 6 .…”

Diagnósticos de enfermagem em pacientes no período pós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas

“…The expressive cardiovascular disease incidence among the population and the technological advances for their treatment, as well as the complexity and details related to care required by patients who undergo cardiac surgeries, whose health conditions go through constant and abrupt changes, demand immediate and accurate nursing interventions, lacking of previous and scientifically based planning. Several studies demonstrate a concern regarding the nursing diagnosis identification for specific groups, such as: inpatients of surgical practice (6) and medical practice (7) units; hospitalized elderly patients (8) ; medullary injury patients (9) , cardiac catheterization patients (10) , laparoscopic Cholecystectomy immediate postoperative patients (11) , patients during surgical preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative (2)(3)(4)12) . Such studies emphasize the relevance of verifying clinical manifestations of common characteristic patient groups, enabling knowledge of the affected human needs, and thus contributing to the direct and individual nursing interventions development, resulting in the implementation of quick and effective actions to solve the identified problems.…”