Empreendedorismo e conservação ambiental no interior de São Paulo

Abstract

Na década passada duas centenas de municípios paulistas ampliaram suas áreas de Mata Atlântica, sendo que a maioria deles concentra-se em territórios contíguos formando verdadeiras manchas de recuperação florestal no mapa do estado. Este artigo discute os principais determinantes que explicam este inusitado aumento. A suposição inicial era de que a recuperação da Mata Atlântica estaria associada ao avanço dos empreendimentos que valorizam o patrimônio natural e que promovem o seu aproveitamento econômico. Conclui-se que o cumprimento da legislação, decorrente da fiscalização mais rigorosa, e a retração das atividades agropecuárias, que permite a regeneração natural das matas, foram os principais determinantes dessa recuperação. Todavia, como suposto inicialmente, em alguns territórios paulistas já se nota uma rara combinação entre empreendedorismo e conservação florestal. Essa sinergia não surge ao acaso; depende, em grande parte, da existência de arranjos institucionais entre atores públicos e privados interessados na conservação do patrimônio natural.<br>Over the last decade, some two hundred municipalities in the state of São Paulo increased the area of Atlantic Forest, and since most of them are adjacent areas they are starting to show up as authentic spots of recovering forests on the map of the State. The present article seeks to identify the major factors underpinning this unprecedented increase. The initial premise was that the recovery of the Atlantic Forest was associated with the increasing number of ventures protecting natural heritage and promoting its economic exploitation. The study shows that compliance with the legislation, resulting from enhanced enforcement, along with a reduction in farming and livestock-breeding activities that allowed the natural growth of the vegetation, were the main drivers of the recovery of the Atlantic Forest over the last decade. However, as initially assumed, a rare combination of private enterprise and forest conservation can be witnessed in some areas of São Paulo State. This synergy has not arisen by chance; it mainly depends on the existence of institutional agreements among public and private players committed to the conservation of the natural heritage

The neotropical reforestation hotspots: A biophysical and socioeconomic typology of contemporary forest expansion

“…Conformant with our typology, case studies within the Atlantic Forests hotspot highlight peri-urban forest transitions promoted by urbanization in Santa Catarina (Baptista & Rudel, 2006;Baptista, 2008), as well as conservation initiatives for tourism and recreation in Sao Paulo (Ehlers, 2007) and environmental protection policies leading to reforestation (Costa et al, 2017). Other reforestation dynamics are also present, including agroforestry landscapes with Eucalyptus spp., shade coffee, and cocoa in Minas Gerais and Bahia states (Cardoso et al, 2001;Lobão et al, 2007).…”

Forest Landscapes and Global Change

“…4.2 ). Today, nearly one-third of the counties in São Paulo are experiencing some forest regrowth for various reasons (Ehlers 2007 ). For example, the state government has established conservation units, and reforestation is encouraged by state fi scal incentives (Hogan et al 2000 ).…”

Linking entrepreneurial orientation and managerial capacity to performance in dairy farms

“…It should be noted that the Brazilian literature on economics and rural administration still lacks studies that relate to the central themes of this article. However, there are old and recent studies that show the importance of property management (Albertoni & Dalmazo, 1991), entrepreneurship (Ehlers, 2007), and succession planning (Costa & Ralisch, 2013) for the development of agriculture businesses. Thus, in this article, these themes are empirically related in a hierarchical model where EO and MC are considered antecedents of farm performance and future succession planning.…”