Avaliação de uma política de estabilização de renda para a agricultura familiar

Abstract

A Agricultura brasileira sofreu, durante décadas, forte transferência de renda para outros setores da economia nacional, o que causou empobrecimento do setor agrícola com relação aos demais, fato que foi amenizado pelo crédito rural. No entanto, este era centralizado em grandes produtores, o que proporcionou um hiato entre a renda dos produtores familiares e comerciais. Este trabalho avalia a implementação de uma Política de Estabilização de Renda (PER) para os produtores familiares de mandioca, leite e feijão, com base nos custos e benefícios dessa política, utilizando-se a teoria dos excedentes econômicos. Nesse artigo considera-se a perda dos excedentes dos produtores comerciais que não são beneficiados com a PER. Os resultados demonstraram que atenção diferenciada à agricultura familiar seria boa estratégia para aumentar preços recebidos e a renda dos produtores familiares de mandioca, leite e feijão e que a consideração da perda de excedente dos produtores comerciais e do ganho de excedente dos consumidores reforça o uso dessa política, uma vez que o ganho dos consumidores é maior que a perda de excedente dos produtores comerciais.<br>For decades, the Brazilian agriculture sector has suffered strong income transfers to many of the country's other economic sectors, which caused the impoverishment of many Brazilian farmers. Government sponsored rural credit assistance programs have somewhat redressed this inequity and ameliorated the farmer's plight. However, due to the structure of these credit assistance programs, the majority of their benefits have gone to the country's largest agricultural producers, thereby increasing income disparity found between family and commercial farms. New policies are needed that actually assist the majority of those that work in the Brazilian agriculture sector: the family farmers. This work evaluates effects of implementation of an Income Stabilization Policy (ISP) intended to support family farmers, focusing on cassava, milk, and bean producers. The evaluation is based on the costs and benefits of ISP, with reference to the theory of economic surplus. This article also considers the policy's negative effect on the surplus generated by commercial producers. Study results indicate that implementation of the proposed ISP would increase the prices received for cassava, milk and beans, improve the income of Brazilian family farmers producing these products, and lead to consumer gains that more than offset the losses suffered by large, commercial agriculture producers

First record of Chilomima clarkei (Amsel) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae) in Amapá state, Brazil

“…In the north region of Brazil, cassava and its varieties are widely cultivated and consumed by the population, in addition to being an important economic activity for producers, especially the family-based ones (rodrigues et al 2007;FazoliN & estrela 2016). In 2018, the area devoted to cassava cultivation in Brazil was 1,222,019 ha, 427,993 ha planted in the North region.…”

“…As well as the representatives of Crambidae, due to the boring habit, whose larvae and pupae stay inside the stems (branches), protected from the weather, natural enemies, and even chemical control agents (bellotti 2008). In the north region of the country, the cassava hornworm, Erinnyis ello (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) is notably the key pest of the crop, due to the voracity with which the caterpillars consume the leaves and the economic losses resulting from its infestations in the region (rodrigues et al 2007;FazoliN & estrela 2016).…”