“…Metformin can stimulate AMPK production and modulate the nutritional function of Sertoli cells (Galardo, Riera, Pellizzari, Cigorraga, & Meroni, 2007). Three previous studies reported the beneficial effects of metformin following I/R in adult rat testis, restoring antioxidant activities and attenuating apoptosis (Asghari, Akbari, Meghdadi, & Mortazavi, 2016a, 2016bGhasemnejad-Berenji, Ghazi-Khansari, Pashapour, et al, 2018;Sengupta, 2013). It was also reported that the presence of metformin in the cryopreservation fluid augmented the fertilising capacity of the rat spermatozoa and lowered the proportion of abnormal embryos through IVF (Bertoldo, Guibert, Tartarin, Guillory, & Froment, 2014).…”