The role of gut-liver axis in the restriction of intrauterine growth in a model of experimental gastroschisis

Abstract

PURPOSE: To evaluate the intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) by the expression of IR-β, IRS-1, IRS-2, IGF-IRβ and Ikappaβ in experimental model of gastroschisis. METHODS: Pregnant rats at 18.5 days of gestation were submitted to surgery to create experimental fetal gastroschisis (term = 22 days) were divided in three groups: gastroschisis (G), control (C) and sham (S). Fetuses were evaluated for body weight (BW), intestinal (IW), liver (LW) and their relations IW/BW and LW/BW. IR-β and IGF-IRβ receptors, IRS-1 and IRS-2 substrates and Ikappaβ protein were analyzed by western blotting. RESULTS: BW was lower in G, the IW and IW / BW were greater than C and S (p<0.05) groups. The liver showed no differences between groups. In fetuses with gastroschisis, compared with control fetuses, the expression of IGF-IRβ (p<0.001) and Ikappaβ (p<0.001) increased in the liver and intestine, as well as IR-β (p<0.001) which decreased in both. In contrast to the intestine, IRS-1 (p<0.001) increased in the liver and IRS-2 decreased (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The axis of the intestine liver has an important role in inflammation, with consequent changes in the metabolic pathway of glucose can contribute to the IUGR in fetuses with gastroschisis.

Maternal administration of cannabidiol promotes an anti-inflammatory effect on the intestinal wall in a gastroschisis rat model

“…In this study, we verified that maternal intraperitoneal administration of CBD had no effect on BW, which showed difference only between the group CCBD and GCBD, with the former presenting higher values. While the effect of CBD in IUGR in clinical and experimental fetuses is not well known, it has been demonstrated that longer exposure to CBF of the amniotic fluid worsens IUGR in an experimental model in rats ( 30 ), which might be linked to fetal alterations responsible for glucose and insulin receptors modification by fetal inflammation ( 31 ). Such modification could mean that CBD injection, even if intraperitoneal, in a control (healthy) organism in growth phase could have an effect on body mass gain, without the same effect seen in the GCBD group (treated disease).…”

Gastroschisis: State of the Art in Translating Experimental Research to the Bedside

“…92 It appears that those inflammatory responses have some implication in compromising fetal insulin receptors and glucose uptake that may induce transitory insulin resistance and promote intrauterine growth restriction. 93 Many pathways involving nitric oxide (NO) are related to DI in GS. Gonçalves et al used a hydrogel of N-isopropylacrylamide copolymerized with acrylic acid (P(NIPAAm-co-AAc)) to coat the fetus' herniated bowel and reduced the DI in utero.…”