Wound healing under the effect of iodine cadexomer in rats

Abstract

PURPOSE:To assess vthe action of iodine cadexomer in the healing process of surgical wounds in rats and if cytotoxicity occurs with the systemic absorption of iodine. METHODS:Thirty six Wistar rats were used and performed 53 wounds with surgical punch of 6 mm diameter on them. Two lesions were made diametrically opposed on groups with distilled water (GAD) and sodium chloride (GCS); on the right lesions were used bandage with distilled water and on the left ones dressing with sodium chloride. In cadexomer iodine (GCI) group, a punch injury was made only on the left side and the dressing was carried out with cadexomer iodine. The groups were divided in two sub-groups according to the day of death (7 and 14). Microscopically was used H&E staining, through which the inflammation could be observed and also the neovascularization. Staining with Masson trichrome studied fibrosis. TSH and free T4 were used for absorption recognition of iodine, and its toxic potential was performed before death with the animal anesthetized. RESULTS:Microscopic analysis showed more marked intensity of inflammation in group GAD, subgroup 14 days. Neovascularization showed be discrete in GCS sub-group 14 days. Fibrosis was more pronounced in the group GCI. Comparing the types of treatment, there was statistical significance between groups GCI and GCS (p<0.013). The TSH and T4, showed no difference between the control group and GCI in relation to the absorption of iodine. In evaluating the GCI and control groups, within each treatment, statistical significance was found between them (p<0.001) when compared the days of observation. CONCLUSION:Cadexomer iodine had beneficial effects in all phases of the healing process without cytotoxicity due iodine absorption.Key words: Wound Healing. Iodine. Thyrotropin. Thyroxine. Rats. RESUMO OBJETIVO:Avaliar a ação do cadexômero iodo na cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em ratos e se ocorre citotoxicidade com a absorção sistêmica do iodo. MÉTODOS:Utilizou-se 36 ratos Wistar nos quais realizaram-se 53 feridas cirúrgicas com punch de 6 mm de diâmetro. Foram confeccionados duas lesões diametralmente opostas nos animais dos grupos água destilada (GAD) e cloreto de sódio (GCS). Na lesão do lado direito foi utilizado curativo com água destilada e, na do esquerdo, curativo com cloreto de sódio. No grupo cadexômero iodo (GCI), foi feita apenas uma lesão com o punch no lado esquerdo e o curativo foi realizado com cadexômero iodo. Os grupos foram divididos em dois subgrupos conforme o dia da morte (7 e 14). Microscopicamente foi utilizada a coloração H&E, através da qual foi observado o processo inflamatório e a neovascularização. Com a coloração tricômio de Masson foi estudada a fibrose. Para o reconhecimento da absorção do iodo e o seu potencial tóxico foi realizado, antes da morte com o animal anestesiado, dosagem do TSH e do T4 livre. RESULTADOS:Na análise microscópica a intensidade da inflamação apresentou-se mais acentuada no grupo GAD, subgrupo 14 dias. Na análise da neovascularização ela apresen...

Efficacy of topical cadexomer iodine treatment in chronic wounds: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of comparative clinical trials

“…8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 This physical absorption by the starch beads provides a further de‐sloughing action 8 , 9 , 10 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 removing debris, purulence, 11 , 16 and bacteria 17 from the wound into the dressing. The physical swelling of the cadexomer beads upon contact with fluid allows the sustained availability of iodine, which kills bacteria and biofilm within the dressing for up to 72 hours 18 , 19 , 20 with subsequent minimal impact in toxicity 21 , 22 This mode of action is illustrated in Figure 1 . These barriers to healing such as excess exudate, slough pus and debris, and bioburden including biofilm all have an increasingly recognised role in delaying wound healing.…”

Surgical management of refractory nasal aspergillosis using iodine cadexomer dressings in three dogs

“…Studies of the efficacy of iodine (1%, 2% and 5% solutions) in treating A. keratitis in people have concluded that topical iodine is ineffective; however, those results may not be applicable to better vascularised tissue. In vitro and in vivo rat studies have shown topical iodine cadexomer treatment to promote vascular ingrowth without causing cytotoxicity to the host tissue. Iodine cadexomer dressings are frequently used in people with chronic, non‐healing wounds, with reportedly good results, and were well tolerated in the present dogs when applied into the nasal cavity and sinuses, as they were in the previous reports in dogs .…”

An Overview on the Recent Advances in the Treatment of Infected Wounds: Antibacterial Wound Dressings

“…[240] With the physical swelling of the cadexomer beads upon contact with the liquid, sustained availability of iodine is provided, and then the bacteria and biofilm are eliminated after 72 h with the least cytotoxicity effect. [241][242][243][244]…”