Rat an experimental model for burns: A systematic review

Mitsunaga, Jorge Kiyoshi; Gragnani, Alfredo; Ramos, Maria Luiza Christovão; Ferreira, Lydia Masako

doi:10.1590/s0102-86502012000600010

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The dorsum is an ideal choice because it is difficult for the animal to reach and as such prevents further injuries to the wound area. The mouse is then placed on its back in a template constructed of a plastic flame resistant mold (Figure 1A-D, Supplementary Figure 2) with the window exposing a predetermined surface area of skin [65]. The exposed area of the mouse from the template is then immersed in a 100°C water bath for 8 seconds to inflict a full thickness burn [64] (Figure 1A-D).…”

Section: Standardized Scalding Burn Model In Mousementioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models in burn research

Abdullahi

Amini-Nik

Jeschke

2014

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

312

272

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Burn injury is a severe form of trauma affecting more than two million people in North America each year. Burn trauma is not a single pathophysiological event but a devastating injury that causes structural and functional deficits in numerous organ systems. Due to its complexity and the involvement of multiple organs, in vitro experiments cannot capture this complexity nor address the pathophysiology. In the past two decades, a number of burn animal models have been developed to replicate the various aspects of burn injury; to elucidate the pathophysiology and explore potential treatment interventions. Understanding the advantages and limitations of these animal models is essential for the design and development of treatments that are clinically relevant to humans. This review paper aims to highlight the common animal models of burn injury in order to provide investigators with a better understanding of the benefits and limitations of these models for translational applications. While many animal models of burn exist, we limit our discussion to the skin healing of mouse, rat, and pig. Additionally, we briefly explain hypermetabolic characteristics of burn injury and the animal model utilized to study this phenomena. Finally, we discuss the economic costs associated with each of these models in order to guide decisions of choosing the appropriate animal model for burn research.

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Section: Standardized Scalding Burn Model In Mousementioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models in burn research

Abdullahi

Amini-Nik

Jeschke

2014

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

312

272

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“…Rats are one of the most commonly used animals [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. They have the cheapest cost in terms of housing, maintenance, and reproduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation of Consistent Burn Wounds: A Rat Model

et al. 2014

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BackgroundBurn infliction techniques are poorly described in rat models. An accurate study can only be achieved with wounds that are uniform in size and depth. We describe a simple reproducible method for creating consistent burn wounds in rats.MethodsTen male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and dorsum shaved. A 100 g cylindrical stainless-steel rod (1 cm diameter) was heated to 100℃ in boiling water. Temperature was monitored using a thermocouple. We performed two consecutive toe-pinch tests on different limbs to assess the depth of sedation. Burn infliction was limited to the loin. The skin was pulled upwards, away from the underlying viscera, creating a flat surface. The rod rested on its own weight for 5, 10, and 20 seconds at three different sites on each rat. Wounds were evaluated for size, morphology and depth.ResultsAverage wound size was 0.9957 cm2 (standard deviation [SD] 0.1845) (n=30). Wounds created with duration of 5 seconds were pale, with an indistinct margin of erythema. Wounds of 10 and 20 seconds were well-defined, uniformly brown with a rim of erythema. Average depths of tissue damage were 1.30 mm (SD 0.424), 2.35 mm (SD 0.071), and 2.60 mm (SD 0.283) for duration of 5, 10, 20 seconds respectively. Burn duration of 5 seconds resulted in full-thickness damage. Burn duration of 10 seconds and 20 seconds resulted in full-thickness damage, involving subjacent skeletal muscle.ConclusionsThis is a simple reproducible method for creating burn wounds consistent in size and depth in a rat burn model.

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“…According to the World Health Organization, about 1.000,000 people are affected by burns each year in Brazil, and death records worldwide are close to 300,000 2,3 . Considering the high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with burns, in the last decade the number of researchers investigating innovative resources for burn treatment has increased, and a significant reduction in the number of deaths has already been observed in clinical care when such therapies are applied 1, 4,5 . Thus, in order to better explore the pathophysiology of burn and the healing process evolution through new treatment methods, the experimental model has been extensively used 5 .…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with burns, in the last decade the number of researchers investigating innovative resources for burn treatment has increased, and a significant reduction in the number of deaths has already been observed in clinical care when such therapies are applied 1, 4,5 . Thus, in order to better explore the pathophysiology of burn and the healing process evolution through new treatment methods, the experimental model has been extensively used 5 . The current literature describes several protocols to perform burn in an experimental model, such as those performed with soldering iron, but there are differences related to both the size of the lesion, temperature and time of exposure.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current literature describes several protocols to perform burn in an experimental model, such as those performed with soldering iron, but there are differences related to both the size of the lesion, temperature and time of exposure. With this, it is observed that the protocols are not yet well established for each degree of impairment to be induced, as some stipulate similar parameters for different degrees of burns [5][6][7] . In this context, this study aimed to propose an experimental protocol, effective, for induction of specifically third-degree burns in rats.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative animal model for studies of total skin thickness burns

et al. 2017

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Purpose: To present an alternative experimental model of third degree burn of easy reproducibility. Methods: Eighteen male Wister rats were randomly divided into three groups, 6 of which were allocated to each group. A soldering iron coupled to an aluminum plate was used to produce burn, at a temperature of 150ºC, with different exposure times per group. Group 5 (G5) animals were burned at 150°C with exposure time of 5 seconds; Group 10 (G10) the animals were burned at 150°C with exposure time of 10 seconds and group 15 (G15) the animals were burned at 150°C with exposure time of 15 seconds. Results: Histopathological analyzes showed that all three groups had similar morphological characteristics, with total thickness involvement. Conclusion:The technique is effective to reproduce a third degree burn and suggests the temperature of 150ºC with 5 seconds of exposure in order to minimize the risks to the animals.

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Rat an experimental model for burns: A systematic review

Cited by 37 publications

References 25 publications

Animal models in burn research

Animal models in burn research

Creation of Consistent Burn Wounds: A Rat Model

Alternative animal model for studies of total skin thickness burns

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