Lumbosacral epidural magnesium prolongs ketamine analgesia in conscious sheep

DeRossi, Rafael; Pompermeyer, C. T.; Silva-Neto, Amadeu Batista; Barros, Andrea Lantieri Correa de; Jardim, Paulo Henrique de Affonseca; Frazílio, Fabrício Oliveira

doi:10.1590/s0102-86502012000200007

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…But, ketamine give more prolonged analgesia than magnesium when used alone. 14 Present study also demonstrate the same results. Preservative-free ketamine and magnesium sulphate prolongs the postoperative analgesia when given epidurally as adjunct to bupivacaine, than bupivacaine is used alone.…”

Section: Group B Group Bm Group Bksupporting

confidence: 88%

Comparison of Effect of Magnesium Sulphate and Preservative-Free Ketamine as an Adjunct to Epidural Bupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Abdominal Hysterectomy

Raghavan¹,

Kesavan²,

Komu³

2017

jebmh

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BACKGROUND Neuraxial blocks are the most common method of anaesthesia in abdominal hysterectomies and epidural technique has been used widely to provide both anaesthesia and postoperative analgesia. It has become a common practice to use polypharmacy approach for treatment of intra and postoperative pain, because no drug has yet been identified that specifically inhibit nociception without side effects. The aim of the study is to compare the effects of magnesium sulphate versus preservative-free ketamine as an adjunct to epidural bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in abdominal hysterectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS After obtaining informed consent, the patients were divided into 3 groups of 40 each to receive 20 mL 0.5% bupivacaine (group B), 19 mL 0.5% bupivacaine + 50 mg magnesium sulphate (group BM), 19 mL 0.5% bupivacaine + 50 mg preservative-free ketamine (group BK). Epidural catheter was inserted at L1-L2 space using standard technique. Correct placement was confirmed by a test dose of 2% lignocaine + adrenaline 1 in 2 lakhs. Postoperative analgesia were assessed by VAS score and 0.125% bupivacaine infusion and 1 g paracetamol IV infusion was given as rescue analgesics when VAS ≥4. Onset duration, motor block and side effects were also monitored. RESULTS Mean time of duration of onset in group B, BM, BK were 20, 14, 18 minutes, respectively. Mean time for rescue analgesia were 180, 240 and 480 minutes in group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. These differences were statistically significant. The side effects noticed in each group were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION The onset of effect is faster when magnesium sulphate were added as an adjunct to bupivacaine as compared to preservativefree ketamine. The postoperative analgesia is found to be more with preservative-free ketamine as compared to magnesium sulphate without any significant side effects.

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Section: Group B Group Bm Group Bksupporting

confidence: 88%

Comparison of Effect of Magnesium Sulphate and Preservative-Free Ketamine as an Adjunct to Epidural Bupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Abdominal Hysterectomy

Raghavan¹,

Kesavan²,

Komu³

2017

jebmh

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“…Magnesium wird ferner in der Human-und Tiermedizin ein analgetischer Effekt zugeschrieben. Beim bisher noch eher experimentellen Einsatz von Magnesium zur Analgesie ließ sich der Analgetikabedarf reduzieren (5,25,91). Magnesium soll durch Hemmung der Thrombozytenaggregation und Fibrinogenbindung außerdem eine antikoagulatorische Wirkung haben (37,89).…”

Section: Allgemeine Klinische Aspekteunclassified

Magnesium bei Hund und Katze – physiologische Aspekte, Messung und Störungen im Magnesiumhaushalt

Schulz¹,

Güssow²,

Bauer³

et al. 2018

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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ZusammenfassungMagnesium ist nach Kalium das intrazelluläre Kation, das in höchster Konzentration im Körper vorkommt. Es spielt eine fundamentale Rolle in nahezu jedem metabolischen Prozess und ist wichtig für die Knochenmineralisierung, die Kontraktion und Relaxation des Muskels sowie die neuronale Erregungsübertragung. Aufgrund seiner Relevanz in der Intensivmedizin kam es in den letzten Jahren zu einem deutlichen Wissenszuwachs hinsichtlich des Verständnisses über die Funktionen von Magnesium im Körper, die Probleme, die zur Störung der Magnesiumhomöostase führen, und labordiagnostische Limitationen. Abweichungen der Serumkonzentration von Magnesium stellen eine der häufigsten Elektrolytstörungen dar und können zu lebensbedrohlichen Zuständen führen. Die _tamen_ Informationen bezüglich der Rolle von Magnesium _tamen neben der humanmedizinischen Literatur vor allem aus der Rindermedizin. In den letzten Jahren beschäftigten sich einige wenige Studien auch mit der Bedeutung dieses Elektrolyts bei Hund und Katze.

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“…Despite providing adequate relaxation and sedation, this combination provides no analgesia. Epidural anesthesia is recommended either with 1 mL/7 kg body weight (BW) of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride [44] or with 2.5-mg/kg BW ketamine [45]. When using ketamine (10%), total volume of injection should be 1 mL/7.5 kg BW and completed with saline solution for cranial migration of the drug.…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Restraintmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonsurgical embryo recovery and transfer in sheep and goats

et al. 2016

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The embryo transfer techniques used in small ruminants worldwide are based in surgical procedures. These actions are performed under general anesthesia which needs a combination of animal fasting and drugs for secure animal handling and surgery manipulations. Therefore, it involves risks to animal health and life. The major limiting sequels are adhesions formed by the abdominal surgery, in the ovaries, uterus, or between them. These occurrences can both compromise uterus accessing and oocyte capture and are responsible for decreasing success and limiting successive embryo collections. In contrast, nonsurgical embryo procedures can be performed in a relatively simplified way. Nonsurgical embryo recovery does not need animal prolonged starvation, drug retention is minimized, and donors can stay in a standing position. After the end of embryo recovery, donors are promptly restored to their routine housing and feeding. Furthermore, this technique does not need incisions and, therefore, can be used repetitively in superovulated or nonsuperovulated goats and sheep for embryo recovery-a similar procedure done in cattle. In Brazil, promising results are reported using nonsurgical embryo transfer in recipient goats, and studies are currently evaluating similar procedures in sheep. Therefore, this review aimed to present the current panorama of nonsurgical embryo transfer in sheep and goats.

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Lumbosacral epidural magnesium prolongs ketamine analgesia in conscious sheep

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

Comparison of Effect of Magnesium Sulphate and Preservative-Free Ketamine as an Adjunct to Epidural Bupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Abdominal Hysterectomy

Comparison of Effect of Magnesium Sulphate and Preservative-Free Ketamine as an Adjunct to Epidural Bupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Abdominal Hysterectomy

Magnesium bei Hund und Katze – physiologische Aspekte, Messung und Störungen im Magnesiumhaushalt

Nonsurgical embryo recovery and transfer in sheep and goats

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