The repeated extracorporeal shock waves and the renal parenchyma injury on normal and diabetic rats

Abstract

The repeated extracorporeal shock waves and the renal parenchyma injury on normal and diabetic ratsThe repeated extracorporeal shock waves and the renal parenchyma injury on normal and diabetic rats ABSTRACT Purpose:To assess the effect of repeated extracorporeal shock waves (ESW) on renal parenchyma of normal and diabetic rats. Methods: 40 normal rats (A) and 40 diabetic rats (B) were assigned for ESW (Direx Tripter X1 ® -14 KVA) as follow: A1/B1 and A3/B3 no ESW; A2/B2 one ESW (2,000 SW); A4/B4 two ESW (4,000 SW) in an elapsed 14 days. All the animals were sacrificed 3 days after the ESW and samples of renal parenchyma were histological prepared, stained by H&E. For each animal the frequency of hemorrhage focus (HF) in the subcapasular, interstitial and glomerulus area was calculated (porcentage) on 20 randomly histological sections. Results: No one HF was identified in all normal or diabetic animals without ESW (A1, A3 and B1, B3). In the normal rats the HF frequency was similar to one ESW (subcapsular =15%; interstitial =20% and glomerular =10%) or repetead ESW (subcapsular =25%; interstitial =20%; glomerular=10%). In diabetic rats the occurence of HF with repetead ESW was more frequent (subcapsular =40%; interstitial =30% and glomerular =10%) than with a single ESW (subcapsular =25%; interstitial =15% and glomerular =15%). Conclusion: A single ESW or a repeated ESW caused a mild and similar damage on renal cortex of normal rats. In diabetic rats the repetead ESW may result in an accumulated damage, especially with focus of hemorrhage in subcapsular and interstitial tissue and glomerulus edema. Key words: Kidney. Lithotripsy. High-Energy Shock Waves. Diabetes Mellitus. Rats. RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar o efeito de repetidas ondas de choque extracorpóreas (OCE) sobre o parênquima renal de ratos normais e diabéticos. Métodos: 40 ratos normais e 40 ratos diabéticos foram distribuídos para aplicação de OCE (Direx Tripter X1 ® -14 KVA) como segue: A1/B1 e A3/B3 sem OCE; A2/B2 uma sessão de OCE (2000 OC); A4/B4 duas sessões de OC (4000 OC) num intervalo de 14 dias. Todos os animais foram sacrificados no 3º. dia após a aplicação da OCE e amostras de parênquima renal foram histologicamente preparados e corados em H&E. Para cada animal foi calculado, em 20 campos aleatórios, a freqüência (em porcentagem) de focos hemorrágicos (FH) nas áreas subcapsular, intersticial e glomerular. Resultados: Nenhum foco hemorrágico foi identificado nos animais normais ou diabéticos que não receberam nenhuma OCE (A1, A3 e B1, B3). Nos ratos normais a freqüência de FH foi similar com uma sessão de OCE (subcapsular =15%; intersticial =20% e glomerular =10%) ou duas sessões de OCE (subcapsular =25%; intersticial =20%; glomerular =10%). Nos ratos diabéticos a ocorrência de FH com duas sessões de OCE foi mais freqüente (subcapsular =40%; intersticial =30% e glomerular =10%) do que com uma simples sessão de OCE (subcapsular =25%; intersticial =15% e glomerular =15%). Conclusão: Uma única ou duas sessões de OCE causa um discreto e semelhante d...

Shock Wave Lithotripsy Does Not Impair Renal Function in a Swine Model of Metabolic Syndrome

“…We are aware of only two reports showing that kidneys of alloxan-induced diabetic rats were more susceptible to the injurious effects of SWL than nondiabetic rats-greater degree of parenchymal hemorrhage and apoptosis, which was particularly evident after repeated SWL sessions. 26,27 If the damage to the renal parenchyma is permanent, and of sufficient magnitude, then undoubtedly there will be functional consequences. And, the potential for functional deterioration following SWL may be evident in the setting of CKD or compromised renal function.…”