Do lesions of the enteric nervous system occur following intestinal ischemia/reperfusion?

Abstract

Purpose:To evaluate tissue lesions, especially those of the intestinal innervation, in an excluded jejunal loop subjected to ischemia and reperfusion in rats. Methods: To evaluate the role of ischemia and reperfusion lesions in an excluded intestinal loop, four groups of 20 rats were set up: control group (GCEI7) and three experimental groups (GIREI7, GIREI14 and GIREI28). They were all subjected to exclusion of an intestinal segment of six centimeters in length, at a distance of 10 centimeters from the Treitz angle. The 60 animals in the three experimental groups were additionally subjected to ischemia of the vascular pedicle for 30 minutes. The control group and the experimental group GIREI7 were evaluated on the 7 th day after the operation. The groups GIREI14 and GIREI28 (which also underwent ischemia) were utilized to evaluate the evolution of the lesion over time, on the 14 th and 28 th days after the operation, respectively. From the intestinal excluded loop, we take one ring of 0,5 cm distal and proximal, that were fixed in formaline 10% solution in order to do histological (HE) and immuno-hystochemial (PS-100) evaluation (enteric nervous system.) The distal loop was exteriorized in stoma and the proximal part closed with polipropilene 6-0. Results: It was observed a decrease in the number of ganglionic cells in the myenteric plexus in the group subjected to ischemia and reperfusion (GIREI7), in relation to the control group (GCEI7) at the 7 th post-operative day (Mann-Whitney test: p = 0.0173 *. Comparing the numbers of ganglionic cells in the myenteric plexus before and after jejunal loop exclusion GCEI7 -(Wilcoxon test: p = 0.0577). GIREI7 -Comparing the numbers of ganglionic cells in the myenteric plexus before and after ischemia (*p = 0.0399). Comparing the percentage variations in ganglionic cells in the myenteric plexus on the 7 th , 14 th and 28 th days after the procedure, in the groups GIREI7, GIREI14 and GIREI28, it was observed that there were no significant alterations. Kruskal-Wallis test: p = 0.6501. Conclusion: There was a decrease in the number of ganglionic cells in the myenteric plexus due to ischemia and reperfusion that did not recover in the late post-operative period. Key words: Intestine, small. Ischemia. Reperfusion. Enteric nervous system. RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar lesões teciduais, especialmente aquelas da inervação intestinal em alça jejunal excluída submetida à isquemia e reperfusão em ratos. Métodos: Para avaliar o papel da isquemia e reperfusão nas lesões em uma alça intestinal exclusa, quatro grupos de 20 ratos foram criados: Grupo controle (GCE17) e 3 Grupos experimentais (GIRE!7, GIREI14) e GIREI28) Todos foram submetidos à exclusão de um segmento intestinal de seis centímetros de extensão, a 10 centímetros do ângulo de Treitz . Os 60 animais dos 3 grupos experimentais foram também submetidos a isquemia do pedículo vascular por 30 minutos.O grupo controle e o grupo experimental GIREI7 foram avaliados no 7º. Dia após a operação. Os grupos GIREI14 e GIREI28 também ...

Ketamine reduces intestinal injury and inflammatory cell infiltration after ischemia/reperfusion in rats

“…47,48 Ganglion cell numbers decrease as early as 7 days after I/R. 49 Irregularity, pyknocytosis, and degenerative changes in nuclear morphology have also been noted. 50 Although many of these alterations are observed in a delayed fashion, a recent study found that pyknocytosis and vacuolization such as cell swelling could be observed as early as 2 h after reperfusion following 10 min of intestinal ischemia in a rodent model.…”

Ketamine anesthesia reduces intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

“…Glutamate release during I/R could also cause toxicity in the enteric nervous system, which could cause motility alterations [32] . One recent study found that intestinal I/R causes myenteric plexus ganglion cell reduction and death [33] . This suggests that the NMDA receptor could be related to the functional alterations induced in the intestine by I/R.…”

Feasibility and oncologic safety of low ligation of inferior mesenteric artery with D3 dissection in cT3N0M0 sigmoid colon cancer

“…However, some studies insist that low ligation can preserve autonomous innervation along the proximal colonic limb and consequently preserve colonic function including motility [ 11 ]. Additionally, it was reported that colonic ischemia and reperfusion could decrease the number of ganglionic cells in the myenteric plexus, which did not recover in the late postoperative period in an animal model [ 24 ]. This result may explain newly developed constipation after anterior resection without mechanical abnormalities in imaging studies.…”