Animal model of renal ischemic injury, and chlorpromazine protector effect, evaluate by tc-99m-mag3 dynamic renal scan

Abstract

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a major complication of kidney transplantation, so as of urologic and vascular surgeries. In transplantation, although organ perfusion with proper solution are feasible and at least partially effective, new approaches remains needed to avoid lost of graft function due to ischemic insults, and by this way, chlorpromazine may play this hole. Sixteen male rats were evaluated by scintigraphy (dynamic renal scan with Tc-99m-MAG 3 ), before and after surgically promote ischemia of left kidney. Animals were divided in 3 groups: Group A (control) without ischemic insult; Group B (ischemia without chlorpromazine) and Group C (ischemia with chlorpromazine). Group B demonstrated marked decreased of left renal function, compared with itself (right kidney; p<0,001) and compared with groups A and C (both p<0,001). No statistically observations was noted in group A, that makes sure of non-error source of surgical procedure lonely (p<0,05). Nevertheless mild decrease of left renal function was observed in some animals of group C, these appointments were not statistically significant (p<0,05). Further studies may prove, in the future, its usefulness in humans, specially concerning kidney transplantation. Available from URL: http:// www.scielo.br/acb

Avaliação do efeito da clorpromazina sobre a função renal de cães submetidos à isquemia e reperfusão

“…Um dos modelos de isquemia/reperfusão mais estudados é a oclusão temporária da artéria renal (Araújo et al 2002). Os danos causados pela hipóxia nas células tubulares representam o primeiro evento em casos de insuficiência renal aguda.…”

Histological evaluation and E-cadherin and β-catenin expression in kidney of dogs submitted to renal ischemia and reperfusion after chlorpromazine administration

“…According to some researchers, this drug is capable of inhibiting Ecadherin endocytosis and thus of preventing the loss of intercellular contact, an effect not suggested by the present study (Araujo et al, 2002;Sáenz-Morales et al, 2006). However, several studies have used chlorpromazine to protect against ischemia and reperfusion injuries (Joeschke, 2003;Zhou et al, 2012).…”

Influence of chlorpromazine on renal histology of rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion injury

“…From 2001 onwards, new publications, produced in Brazil, have emerged and they show the beneficial usage of chlorpromazine in renal ischemia episodes induced towards renal transplant 13,15,16,18 . The last publication about chlorpromazine was published in 2010 18 , and for this reason new studies are necessary to confirm the benefits of this drug in renal ischemia; it's a cheap and easy-to-use drug.…”

“…Araujo's experiment has been used as model for this study; periods of time and medication dosage followed such model: chlorpromazine administration 15 minutes prior to renal blood flow obstruction, 60 minutes warm ischemia, post-24 hours damage evaluation, and, 3 mg/kg chlorpromazine dosage 15 . Distinctively, however, from the functional evaluation on that study, ischemia damage histological evaluation has been preferred.…”

“…Chlorpromazine study findings have been, mainly, functional: scintigraphic changes or creatinine and urea counts 15 . There have also been studies towards lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde count) 16 ; however, such study has alternatively focused on a number of histological items caused by ischemia related to renal architecture and chlorpromazine protective action.…”