Pig liver sectorization and segmentation and virtual reality depiction

Zanchet, Dinamar José; Montero, Edna Frasson de Souza

doi:10.1590/s0102-86502002000600005

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…More than 80 million years of evolution separates primates from rodents [18]. The functional liver morphology of the rat differs from that of human but is similar to that of the pig [26,34]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance Rat Liver Morphology and Vasculature in Surgical Research

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe laboratory rat is one of the most popular experimental models for the experimental surgery of the liver. The objective of this study was to investigate the morphometric parameters, physiological data, differences in configuration of liver lobes, biliary system, and vasculature (arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels) of the liver in laboratory rats. In addition, this study supports the anatomic literature and identified similarities and differences with human and other mammals.Material/MethodsForty laboratory rats were dissected to prepare corrosion casts of vascular system specimens (n=20), determine the lymph vessels and lymph nodes (n=10), and for macroscopic anatomical dissection (n=10) of the rat liver. The results are listed in percentages. The anatomical nomenclature of the liver morphology, its arteries, veins, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels are in accordance with Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria.ResultsWe found many variations in origin, direction, and division of the arterial, venous, and lymphatic systems in rat livers, and found differences in morphometric parameters compared to results reported by other authors. The portal vein was formed by 4 tributaries in 23%, by 3 branches in 64%, and by 2 tributaries in 13%. The liver lymph was drained to the 2 different lymph nodes. The nomenclature and morphological characteristics of the rat liver vary among authors.ConclusionsOur results may be useful for the planing of experimental surgery and for cooperation with other investigation methods to help fight liver diseases in human populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance Rat Liver Morphology and Vasculature in Surgical Research

et al. 2016

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“…The second uses an upper flank approach over the mid-lateral aspect of the right kidney 32,33 . The third technique as described in this video employs either a ventral midline or paramedian 22,35 laparotomy to expose the intestinal lymphatic trunk near the pancreas and juxtaposed to the right ventral aspect of the portal vein 22,36,37 . Although both the upper flank and ventral midline surgical techniques enable catheterization of the intestinal lymphatic trunk, we believe the ventral midline approach allows for better exposure of the vessel with adequate space within the upper abdomen to handle and manipulate the vessel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. Identify the lymphatic vessel as a translucent structure juxtaposed to the right ventral segment of the portal vein 36,37 . 5.…”

Section: Surgical Anesthesia and Surgical Preparation Of The Neonatalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Catheterization of the Intestinal Lymph Trunk and Collection of Lymph in Neonatal Pigs

Uwiera

Mangat

Kelly

et al. 2016

JoVE

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Catheterization of the intestinal lymph trunk in neonatal pigs is a technique allowing for the long-term collection of large quantities of intestinal (central) efferent lymph. Importantly, the collection of central lymph from the intestine enables researchers to study both the mechanisms and lipid constitutes associated with lipid metabolism, intestinal inflammation and cancer metastasis, as well as cells involved in immune function and immunosurveillance. A ventral mid-line surgical approach permits excellent surgical exposure to the cranial abdomen and relatively easy access to the intestinal lymph trunk vessel that lies near the pancreas and the right ventral segment of the portal vein underneath the visceral aspect of the right liver lobe. The vessel is meticulously dissected and released from the surrounding fascia and then dilated with sutures allowing for insertion and subsequent securing of the catheter into the vessel. The catheter is exteriorized and approximately 1 L/24 hr of lymph is collected over a 7 day period. While this technique enables the collection of large quantities of central lymph over an extended period of time, the success depends on careful surgical dissection, tissue handling and close attention to proper surgical technique. This is particularly important with surgeries in young animals as the lymph vessels can easily tear, potentially leading to surgical and experimental failure. The video demonstrates an excellent surgical technique for the collection of intestinal lymph.

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“…The gallbladder is located in the right median lobe with a small impression on the adjacent left median lobe. The cystic duct is long and runs for a long extension on the visceral surface of the liver, where it joins a short hepatic duct 2,3 (Figure 1.1).…”

Section: Anatomical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size of the porcine liver -comparable to the human organ -makes it an ideal model for training surgeons in liver surgery and transplantation. Moreover, this experimental model has been considered inexpensive, resistant and easily available 1,2,3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine liver: experimental model for the intra-hepatic glissonian approach

Martins

Machado

Ferraz³

2008

Acta Cir. Bras.

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Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the porcine liver as a teaching and training model for the glissonian approach. Methods: Ten livers were removed from domestic adult white pigs weighting 35 to 45kg. Based on anatomical landmarks, the glissonian pedicles of each liver segments were dissected and biopsies were taken for histological examination, to analyze the presence of the glissonian sheath. Results: During microscopic examination, a sheath of conjunctive tissue was observed wrapping each segmental pedicle in porcine liver. This could be clearly seen when histological preparation for connective tissue was obtained (Masson technique). Conclusion: The morphological arrangement of glissonian pedicles in porcine liver makes this model a useful tool for training the intra-hepatic glissonian approach.Key words: Liver. Anatomy. Histology. Comparative Anatomy. Hepatectomy RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a utilização do fígado suíno como um modelo experimental para o ensino e treinamento da técnica glissoniana intra-hepática nas ressecções do fígado. Métodos: Foram utilizados 10 fígados inteiros de porcos adultos brancos, pesando entre 35-45 kg. Os pedículos glissonianos de vários segmentos foram dissecados e ressecados para a realização de estudos histológicos e verificação da presença da bainha conjuntiva ao longo das tríades portais. Resultados: Na microscopia, uma bainha de tecido conjuntivo foi encontrada envolvendo os pedículos glissonianos no fígado suíno. A utilização de preparações específicas para o tecido conjuntivo (Masson) ressaltou a presença dessa bainha em cada pedículo. Conclusão: As características morfológicas dos pedículos glissonianos suínos, fazem desse modelo experimental um método de treinamento da técnica glissoniana intra-hepática.

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Pig liver sectorization and segmentation and virtual reality depiction

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Importance Rat Liver Morphology and Vasculature in Surgical Research

Importance Rat Liver Morphology and Vasculature in Surgical Research

Long-Term Catheterization of the Intestinal Lymph Trunk and Collection of Lymph in Neonatal Pigs

Porcine liver: experimental model for the intra-hepatic glissonian approach

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