Estudo comparativo do ágar com a solução salina isotônica no tratamento de feridas infectadas, em cobaias

Abstract

Recentemente os hidrogéis tem sido investigados no sentido de manterem a umidade das feridas e assim facilitarem a cicatrização. Este estudo tem por objetivo comparar, macroscópica e bacteriologicamente, os efeitos do ágar com os da solução salina isotônica em feridas infectadas. Foram utilizados 32 cobaias. As bactérias usadas foram Staphylococcus aureus. Foi realizada a incisão com 2cm de extensão e 1cm de profundidade. Foi inoculado 1 ml da solução no tecido subcutâneo, e 1 ml na região central da mesma, foi imediatamente suturada com pontos de "Prolene 2-0"®. No 5º dia, os animais foram aleatoriamente divididos em 2 grupos Concluiu-se que em cobaia, a cicatrização de feridas infectadas com Staphylococcus aureus e tratadas com Agarol®, processou-se, mais eficientemente do que as tratadas com Solução Salina Isotônica.

Morphological analysis of three wound-cleaning processes on potentially contamined wounds in rats

“…The mechanical aspect of suture strain also favors the onset of infection. 2 The presence of a foreign body, in this case the suture, significantly decreases the number of germs causing local infection, a fact which has been proven by Elek. 24 The standard inoculum used in this study has been previously tested.…”

“…Following anesthesia, the animals were immobilized and placed on a 30x35 cm wooden board, protected by a one cm-thick styrofoam sheet and tied on their paws and legs with rubber bands in the horizontal position lying on their bellies. Depilation was done by means of pulling on the animal´s dorsal region, in an area of approximately eigth cm 2 , without any chemical antisepsis, only washing with two ml saline solution at 0.9%. Every animal was submitted to a tree cmincision in the median dorsal region and had the fullthickness wound produced, sectioning full corium and subcutaneous cellular tissue, later infected with one ml of each bacterial inoculum already described 24,25 , first Streptococcus pyogenes and then Staphylococcus aureus, such sequence being defined by drawing (Figures 1 a 4).…”

“…1 Since the origins of medicine there has been a concern about the healing of wounds in general, considered to be essential to life, as it has always been known that infections acquired through wounds might lead to death. 2 A great example of such ancient concern is Edwin Smith´s papyrus, the oldest medical document ever known (Egypt, 5000 b.C. ), which is famous for providing guidance on the treatment of infections contained therein.…”

“…11 Kashyap et al 12 concluded that PVP-I reduces wound strength 12 and, in an experimental study, could not demonstrate its superior action when compared to an isotonic saline solution. 16 More recently, Souza Filho et al 2 , using an animal model, evaluated the use of the isotonic saline solution compared to agar in the treatment of wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus, in which the latter proved to be more regular and efficient than the saline solution. Most authors agree that PVP-I reduces wound infection and also that it delays healing, but no comparative experimental histological study could be found on chlorhexidine, PVP-I and the saline solution which showed the tissue reactions resulting from their individualized utilization on wounds.…”

“…Most authors agree that PVP-I reduces wound infection and also that it delays healing, but no comparative experimental histological study could be found on chlorhexidine, PVP-I and the saline solution which showed the tissue reactions resulting from their individualized utilization on wounds. 2,10,11,12,17,18 Several products have been experimentally tested in order to obtain the ideal substance to reduce tissue infection without altering the healing process, but there is still no consensus in the literature on this matter. 7,9,10,11,12,13,14,18,19,20,21,22,23 Therefore, this experimental study has been proposed with the purpose of comparing both macroscopically and microscopically the inflammatory reactions caused by each of the substances being studied on the cleaning of potentially infected wounds, in order to evaluate the inflammatory response of their treatment with polyvynilpyrrolidine (PVP-I), chlorhexidine and isotonic saline solution, in the seventh day post-operatory, on Wistar rats.…”