Antidiarrheal activity of Solanum asterophorum in mice

Abstract

Several species of Solanum are used in folk medicine to treat diarrhea. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate and compare possible antidiarrheal activity of methanol extracts from roots (Sast-MeOH R ) and leaves (Sast-MeOH L ) of Solanum asterophorum Mart., Solanaceae, in mice. Sast-MeOH R was shown to significantly and dose-relatedly inhibit the frequency of both solid (ED50 309.6±28.5 mg/kg) and liquid (ED50 152.1±32.5 mg/kg) stools. Conversely, SastMeOH L significantly inhibited solid stool frequency only when dosed at 500 and 750 mg/kg (48.7±7.4 and 42.3±9.8%, respectively), but also significantly and doserelatedly inhibited liquid stools (ED50 268.4±35.2 mg/kg). Thus, Sast-MeOH R was twice as potent as Sast-MeOH L in diarrhea inhibition. Neither extracts (when dosed up to 500 mg/kg) inhibited intestinal transit. However, both extracts significantly and dose-relatedly inhibited intestinal fluids, and Sast-MeOH R (ED50 38.3±10.4 mg/kg) was again twice as potent as Sast-MeOH L (ED50 78.6±6.4 mg/kg). Results suggest that antidiarrheal effects of Sast-MeOH R and Sast-MeOH L involve changes on intestinal secretion. In addition, active metabolites with antidiarrheal activity may be more concentrated in the roots of this species. However further studies are needed to elucidate the action mechanism involved in this activity.

Aerial parts of Solanum agrarium Sendtn. (Solanaceae) present the flavonoid myricetin 3,7,3 trimethyl ether and antispasmodic effect on guinea-pig ileum by blockade of voltage-gated calcium channels

“…In addition, this extract showed non-selective antispasmodic effect on guinea-pig ileum and rat uterus (Santos et al, 2003). As an extension of our previous studies on Solanum species from Brazil (Silva et al, 2006;Oliveira et al, 2006a, b;Santos et al, 2003;Silva et al, 2003;Silva et al, 2002a, b;Cavalcante et al, 2013;Silva et al, 2012), we now present a study on S. agrarium, of the subgenus Leptostemonum, which looked into the isolation and structural identification of special metabolites and investigated the antispasmodic mechanism of the crude ethanolic extract from the aerial parts of S. agrarium (SA-EtOH) on guinea-pig ileum.…”

“…Some species show spasmolytic, such as Solanum stipulaceum (Ribeiro et al, 2002), Solanum megalonyx Sendtn., Solanum asterophorum Mart. (Oliveira et al, 2006a,b) and Solanum jabrense Agra & Nee (Cavalcante et al, 2012); and antidiarrheal activity as S. asterophorum (Silva et al, 2012).…”

Evaluation of the anti-diarrheal activity of the aqueous stem extract of Lantana camara Linn (Verbenaceae) in mice

“…Drugs that inhibit intestinal transit in pathophysiological states are effective in relieving diarrhoea [51]. During analysing the result the extract significantly inhibited GI transit in the pathophysiological state as compared with the control.…”

Biological and computational studies provide insights into Caesalphinia digyna Rottler stems

“…Laxity of the guts can be deposited as the consequent defecation of feces at low consistency which might be occurred because of impairment in the vehicle of water and electrolytes in the intestinal tract. Diarrhea results from the quick development of fecal stuff through the large intestine [ 63 ]. To introduce diarrhea, castor oil was used in all methods because castor oil induces diarrhea as a result of its active metabolite, ricinoleic acid which is liberated by the action of lipases in the upper part of the small intestine [ 64 ].…”