Variabilidade sazonal dos constituintes da própolis vermelha e bioatividade em Artermia salina

Abstract

RESUMO:A própolis é uma substância resinosa coletada pelas abelhas de diversas partes das plantas. Sua composição depende da época, vegetação e local de coleta. Apresenta diversas atividades biológicas como antimicrobiana, antioxidante, antitumoral, dentre outras. Foi realizado estudo da variabilidade sazonal, nos meses de fevereiro, junho e outubro de 2006, dos constituintes voláteis da própolis vermelha de Pernambuco através da extração por headspace dinâmico e identificação por cromatografia gasosa acoplada com espectrometria de massas (CG-EM). Foram identificados 34 constituintes voláteis, sendo monoterpenos e monoterpenóides, sesquiterpenos e sesquiterpenóides, fenilpropanóides, aldeídos, cetonas e η-alcanos. Os constituintes majoritários foram o trans-anetol, α-copaeno e o metil cis-isoeugenol. Também foi realizado o perfil fitoquímico por cromatografia em camada delgada (CCD), através da qual os constituintes fenólicos foram identificados como majoritários. Com o extrato bruto metanólico da própolis, realizou-se o ensaio de letalidade em Artemia salina, que demonstrou DL 50 de 18,9 µg/mL, sugerindo uma possível atividade antitumoral. Unitermos: Própolis vermelha, constituintes voláteis, Artemia salina.ABSTRACT: "Seasonal variability of red propolis constituents and brine shrimp bioassay". Propolis is a resinous hive product collected by honeybees from plant sources. The composition of the propolis depends on the season, the vegetation, and the area of collection. It presents a diverse biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant and antitumoral. The seasonal variability of the red propolis constituents from Pernambuco State were accomplished in the months of February, June and October of 2006. The volatile red propolis constituients were captured by the dynamic headspace technique and analyzed by GC-MS. In the analysis of the samples, 34 constituents were identified as the mono and sesquiterpens, phenylpropanoids, aldehydes, cetons and n-alcanes, presenting as majority constituents the trans-anethol, α-copaene and methyl cis-isoeugenol. The phytochemistry profile was performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Through this technique the majority constituents were identified as phenols. The Brine shrimp bioassay was used to evaluate of the red propolis methanolic extract, which demonstrated a DL 50 of 18.9 µg/mL and an activity antitumoral was possibly suggested.

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of red propolis: an alert for its safe use

“…According to literature, propolis has potential anticancer activity (Alencar et al 2007;Awale et al 2008;Li et al 2008;Nunes et al 2009;Daleprane et al 2012a,b;Franchi et al 2012;Iio et al 2012;Kamiya et al 2012;Frozza et al 2013); however, it is necessary to verify its possible cytotoxicity in normal cells to determine whether this activity is selective for cancer cells. This information is essential to suggest the therapeutic use of red propolis based on its antimicrobial activity.…”

“…Red propolis has several confirmed biological activities, such as: antimicrobial and antifungal (Siqueira et al 2002;Trusheva et al 2006;Alencar et al 2007;Cabral et al 2009;Lotti et al 2011;Oldoni et al 2011;Righi et al 2011), antioxidant (Alencar et al 2007Cabral et al 2009;Izuta et al 2009a;Oldoni et al 2011;Righi et al 2011), cytotoxic (Alencar et al 2007Awale et al 2008;Li et al 2008;Izuta et al 2009b;Nunes et al 2009;Daleprane et al 2012a,b;Franchi et al 2012;Iio et al 2012;Kamiya et al 2012;Frozza et al 2013), antiparasitic (Ayres et al 2007), hepatoprotective (Rodriguez et al 1997), anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipsoriasic (Led on et al 1996), wound healing (Albuquerque-J unior et al 2009) and helps to control the lipoprotein metabolism (Iio et al 2010). However, once there are differences in the composition of samples of red propolis (L opez et al 2014), these activities might not be present in all types of red propolis.…”

Bioactivity evaluation against Artemia salina Leach of medicinal plants used in Brazilian Northeastern folk medicine

“…The brine shrimp bioassay was performed according to the methodology proposed by Meyer et al (1982), with some modifications (Nunes et al, 2009). From 20 mg of each extract, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 µg/mL solutions were prepared in triplicate.…”

“…The first work in the use of A. salina bioassay was published in 1956, and thereafter, numerous articles have been reported in the literature on environmental studies, using natural products and toxins, including plant extracts (Nunes et al, 2009;Almeida-Cortez et al, 2004;Citó et al, 2003;Cavalcante et al, 2000;Lieberman, 1999). Many Natural Product laboratories have used this assay in their routines of isolation, purification and structural elucidation as an initial biologic screening technique, in order to select and monitor the phytochemical study of plant extracts in the search for bioactive substances (Almeida-Cortez et al, 2004;Siqueira et al, 1998).…”

Evaluation of the influence of seasonality and landscape on the physicochemical characteristics of propolis

“…Currently, the investigation of the chemical characteristics of propolis includes the use diverse methods and technologies, which have been applied mainly for determination of its chemical components, such as flavonoids, phenolics and antioxidant activity (CABRAL et al, 2009;ALENCAR et al;2007;LUO et al, 2011;MARÓSTICA JUNIOR et al, 2008;ALVES;KUBOTA, 2013;FISCHER et al, 2010;OLDONI et al, 2011;SILVA et al, 2012;NUNES et al, 2009;COTTICA et al, 2011).…”