"O que vêm da terra não faz mal": relatos de problemas relacionados ao uso de plantas medicinais por raizeiros de Diadema/SP

Abstract

Divulgação"O que vêm da terra não faz mal" -relatos de problemas relacionados ao uso de plantas medicinais por raizeiros de Diadema/SP Unitermos: Reações adversas, intoxicações, plantas medicinais, fitofarmacovigilância, entrevistas semi-estruturadas.ABSTRACT: "Natural and therefore free of risks" -adverse effects, poisonings and other problems related to medicinal herbs by "raizeiros" in Diadema/SP". Traditionally, medicinal herbs have been considered gentle and harmless because of their natural origin: "natural and therefore free of risks". However, toxic potential, various consumer-related factors (such as age, disease factors, pregnancy, etc), contamination, and lack of regulation concerning quality control are some of the risk factors deemed to be associated with herbal adverse reactions, poisonings and other complications. Over a 7-month period, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 20 "raizeiros" (traditional healers) in Diadema/SP. We found 40 unexpected events related to 22 species of medicinal herbs. The most frequent species reported were Luffa operculata -"buchinha" (7 reports), Senna alexandrina -"sene" (4 reports) and Paullinia cupana -"guaraná" (3 reports). Among the adverse events, the most frequent signs and symptoms reported involved the central nervous, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. They also reported one case of abortion (related with S. alexandrina) and three deaths related with L. operculata. Adverse events that result from "natural" medicines are relatively uncommon, but they certainly occur more often than acknowledged. Medicinal plants are traditionally considered as innocuous, but as commercially available medicinal products they require sanitary surveillance in order to identify their risks, to give them a legal status, to evaluate their efficacy and to ascertain their safety.

Determination of metals in medicinal plants highly consumed in Brazil

“…The widespread conception among the population that "natural" means "safe" and that drugs of natural origin are harmless and have no risk associated with its use, does not match reality. Some medicinal plants have inherent toxicity and herbal medicines, like any medicine, have side effects that can cause many diseases (Lanini et al, 2009;WHO, 2004). The general belief of the absence of any possible side effects of natural medicines reinforceS the concern with the indiscriminate use of these products (Lanini et al, 2009;Peron et al, 2008).…”

“…Some medicinal plants have inherent toxicity and herbal medicines, like any medicine, have side effects that can cause many diseases (Lanini et al, 2009;WHO, 2004). The general belief of the absence of any possible side effects of natural medicines reinforceS the concern with the indiscriminate use of these products (Lanini et al, 2009;Peron et al, 2008). Some factors are directly related to the variation in the content of active compounds present in the plant, such as, the weather and soil conditions.…”

How are legal matters related to the access of traditional knowledge being considered in the scope of ethnobotany publications in Brazil?

“…In terms of authorization by governmental bodies, there were requirements in four journals: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, Acta Amazônica, Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, and Ethnobiology and Conservation. Within Acta Amazônica guidelines, there is a specific item concerning legal and ethical aspects, which clarifies the organs that are suitable Anderson 1977Miller et al 1989Grandi et al 1989 Rodrigues 1998 Negrelle & Fornazzali, 2007;Ribeiro et al 2007;Rodrigues & Carvalho 2007;Souza 2007;Vieira et al 2007;Yuyama et al 2007;Calábria et al 2008;Cunha-Lima et al 2008;Melo et al 2008;Miranda & Hanazaki, 2008;Rufino et al 2008;Santos et al 2008;Silva & Proença 2008;Baldauf et al 2009;Borges & Peixoto 2009;Castro et al 2009;Eichemberg et al 2009;Fonseca-Kruel et al 2009;Jesus et al 2009;Lanini et al 2009;Leitão et al 2009;Marchese et al 2009;Oliveira & Trovão 2009;Pilla & Amorozo 2009;Pires et al 2009;Santos et al 2009;Scoles 2009;Ustulin et al 2009.…”

Contaminação Microbiológica Em Plantas Medicinais E Hortaliças E Sua Implicação No Estado De Saúde Do Consumidor: Revisão

“…Isso demonstra a necessidade da conscientização por parte dos agricultores no sentido de se adequarem às boas práticas de cultivo de plantas medicinais, em especial no caso de plantas pilosas e rasteiras a fim de assegurar a qualidade microbiológica e parasitológica das mesmas (BOCHNER et al, 2012;BRASIL. MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE, 2006;CARNEIRO et al, 2014;LANINI et al, 2009;NERES et al, 2011).…”