New aerophytic morphospecies of Cyanobacteria from tropical forest fragments in northwestern São Paulo state, Brazil

Abstract

RESUMO -(Novas morfoespécies aerofíticas de Cyanobacteria de fragmentos de fl oresta tropical na região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil). Algas e cianobactérias podem colonizar uma grande variedade de ambientes terrestres e a composição fl orística das comunidades desses habitats é praticamente desconhecida. Durante o estudo das algas e cianobactérias aerofíticas de fragmentos fl orestais na região noroeste do estado de São Paulo, seis populações de cianobactérias não puderam ser identifi cadas em nível específi co e, após estudos morfológicos e métricos, revelaram-se novos morfotipos para a Ciência. Quatro desses pertencem ao gênero Aphanothece (A. excentrica, A. coacervata, A. densa e A. vaginata), um a Phormidium (P. arboricola) e um a Hapalosiphon (H. santannae). Este estudo apresenta a descrição, comparação e proposição das novas morfoespécies e contribui com o conhecimento da diversidade do grupo. Palavras-chave: Cyanobacteria aerofíticas, fl oresta estacional semideciadual, novas morfoespécies ABSTRACT -(New aerophytic morphospecies of Cyanobacteria from tropical forest fragments in northwestern São Paulo state, Brazil). Algae and Cyanobacteria can colonize a wide variety of terrestrial environments and the assemblages from aerophytic habitats are very poorly known. During the survey of aerophytic algal and cyanobacterial communities in forest fragments in northwestern São Paulo state, six cyanobacteria populations could not be identifi ed at species level and, after morphological and metrical analysis, proved to be new morphotypes to Science. Four belong to the genus Aphanothece (A. excentrica, A. coacervata, A. densa and A. vaginata), one to Phormidium (P. arboricola) and one to Hapalosiphon (H. santannae). This study presents the description, comparison and proposition of the new morphospecies and improves taxonomic knowledge of the diversity of the group. Key words: Aerophytic Cyanobacteria, new morphospecies, seasonal semidecidous forest 917 Lemes-da-Silva et al.: New aerophytic morphospecies of Cyanobacteria from tropical forest fragments in northwestern... Material and methodsSampling was carried out between March and May, 2007, in seasonal semideciduous forest fragments occurring in northwestern São Paulo state (Tab. 1).Detailed description of collection, preservation and study can be found in Lemes-da-Silva et al. (2010). In short, visible growths of algae, cyanobacteria and bryophytes were collected from randomly selected tree bark. The dried material was taken to the laboratory, rehydrated and analyzed under stereoscope microscope and light microscope. For each population found, at least 20 observations of each qualitative or quantitative taxonomic characteristic were made. The taxa found were described according to the patterns adopted for each group and the following abbreviations were used for species description in text and tables: diam. (diameter) and L/D (cell length/diameter ratio).The classifi cation system used was that of Hoffmann et al. (2005); holotypes are deposited in the...

Corticolous cyanobacteria from tropical forest remnants in northwestern São Paulo State, Brazil

“…constrictum are new records for Brazil. Six new corticolous cyanobacteria (Aphanothece excentrica, A. coacervata, A. densa, A. vaginata, Phormidium arboricola, and Hapalosiphon santannae) were described by Lemes-da- Silva et al (2010b) in the same remnant forest areas in northwestern São Paulo State.…”

“…Species descriptions according to Lemes-da-Silva et al (2010b). All of the species were originally described on the basis of samples collected in this study.…”

Lista de Cyanobacteria do Estado de São Paulo

“…Dos 258 gêneros de cianobactérias aceitos atualmente (Komárek & Hauer 2011) Alguns grupos de Nostocales, que são as cianobactérias heterocitadas e que formam um agrupamento extremamente coeso em termos filogenéticos, apresentam distribuição peculiar no Estado de São Paulo. Os gêneros com ramificação verdadeira (antiga ordem Stigonematales) são apenas sete no Estado e quase todos com uma única espécie, exceto Stigonema que apresenta 11 e Hapalosiphon sete espécies (Lemes-da- Silva et al 2010, Silva 1987 A Dra. Marli de Fátima Fiore e seu grupo de pesquisa, do Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA) do campus de Piracicaba da USP, têm desenvolvido trabalhos voltados à sistemática e filogenia de cianobactérias utilizando técnicas moleculares, bem como têm abordado as propriedades químicas de compostos extraídos de cianobactérias.…”

A new species of Lemmermanniella (Cyanobacteria) from the Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil

“…Three new genera (Fiore et al 2007, Sant'Anna et al 2010) and 27 new species (Sant'Anna et al 1991a,b, 2007, 2011a,b, Azevedo & Sant'Anna 1994a,b, Branco et al 1994, Azevedo & Kováčik 1996, Komárek 2003, Fiore et al 2007, Lemes-da-Silva et al 2010) have recently been described in different terrestrial habitats of the Atlantic Rainforest, with all three new genera and 55% of the new species belonging to Nostocales. These studies are not yet suffi cient, however, to determine the full extent of cyanobacteria diversity in this biome, and there are still environments and groups that have not yet been intensively investigated.…”