Benthic chlorophytes from a coastal island in the Oriental Northeast of Brazil. This work presents a floristic survey of the marine benthic chlorophytes from Santo Aleixo Island, Pernambuco, Brazil. Six sampling points were selected on the subtidal zone, considering habitat diversity and wave breaking. The sampling points were visited during the rainy () seasons. Twenty-three infrageneric taxa were found. The order Bryopsidales was the most abundant (70 %) and among the families, the Caulerpaceae dominated with four species and three varieties. The similarity analysis among the sampling points evidenced two floristic groups: the first formed by the sampling points 1, 2, 3, and 4 (protected area) and the second by the points 5 and 6 (exposed area). The consolidated substrata presented a higher number of representatives (15) compared to the sandy substrata (12). Seventeen occurred during the rainy season, sixteen during the dry season, and eleven occurred at both seasons. Halimeda opuntia was considered frequent (66.6 %) at the two seasonal periods. The relatively high diversity of species of green algae observed on the Santo Aleixo Island may be related to an abundance of proper substrates contributing to the development of a rich phycological flora, high and constant temperatures, and a high water transparency.