Anatomia e uso da madeira de duas variedades de Sclerolobium paniculatum Vog. do sul do Maranhão, Brasil

Abstract

RESUMO -(Anatomia e uso da madeira de duas variedades de Sclerolobium paniculatum Vog. do sul do Maranhão, Brasil). O presente estudo traz informações sobre a utilização da madeira de duas variedades de Sclerolobium paniculatum (var. subvelutinum e rubiginosum) em propriedades rurais do sul do Maranhão, a análise anatômica do lenho e a correlação destas características com o uso da madeira. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 17 agricultores residentes na zona rural dessa região, com a finalidade de se conhecer a utilização destas variedades nas propriedades rurais. As variedades subvelutinum Benth. e rubiginosum (Mart. ex Tul. ) Benth. são conhecidas na região como cachamorra-preta e cachamorra-branca, respectivamente, sendo a primeira mais utilizada na confecção de cercados. Para o estudo anatômico do lenho, foram coletados discos à altura do peito de três indivíduos de cada variedade e, destes, obtidas amostras do cerne, na região de transição com o alburno. As amostras foram processadas de acordo com a metodologia usual para anatomia de madeira. Houve diferença estatística significativa (p<0,05) para seis parâmetros anatômicos entre as duas variedades. A utilização diferencial das variedades pode ser decorrente, principalmente, das características das fibras e dos elementos de vasos. Sugere-se que sejam realizados estudos que abordem variações climáticas e características do solo para melhor entendimento das diferenças anatômicas quantitativas encontradas no lenho das variedades.Palavras-chave:anatomia da madeira, Sclerolobium paniculatum var. rubiginosum, Sclerolobium paniculatum var. subvelutinum, uso da madeira ABSTRACT -(Wood anatomy and use of two varieties of Sclerolobium paniculatum Vog. in the south of Maranhão State, Brazil). This work presents information about the use of wood of Sclerolobium paniculatum (var. subvelutinum and rubiginosum) at rural properties in the south of the state of Maranhão, Brazil, about the woods' anatomy and about the correlation between certain anatomical characteristics and the wood's practical use. Interviews were made with 17 farmers from this region in order to know how they use the two varieties in their properties. Regionally, the subvelutinum Benth. and rubiginosum (Mart. ex Tul. ) Benth. varieties are known as "cachamorra-preta" and "cachamorra-branca", respectively and the former is the most frequently applied, especially as fences. For the wood anatomy analyses, discs at the breast height were collected from three specimens of each variety. Next, samples were obtained from the discs core, and usual wood anatomy methodology was applied. The two varieties were statistically different (p<0,05) for six anatomical parameters. Fiber and vessel elements characteristics seem to be the most important features to explain the different use of the two varieties. It is suggested that more studies should be performed on climate variations and soil characteristics to get a better understanding about the causes of the wood anatomy quantitative differences found in this study.

Leaf litter manipulations alter soil physicochemical properties and tree growth in a Neotropical savanna

“…This is a fast growing pioneer species (Pires and Marcati 2005;Felfili et al 2004) with shallow root systems (Jackson et al 1999;Scholz et al 2002) which have associations with mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen fixing bacteria (Quintanilha de Albuquerque and Dias 1999; Franco et al 1996). Such associations would enable this species to quickly absorb the larger amount of nutrients released by the decomposing litter in the litter addition plots, competing successfully with herbaceous plants in their ability to exploit limiting resources.…”

Size‐dependent mortality in a Neotropical savanna tree: the role of height‐related adjustments in hydraulic architecture and carbon allocation

“…(Leguminosae) is a dominant tall evergreen savanna species exhibiting conspicuous branch dieback and tree mortality among larger individuals. It is a fast‐growing pioneer species (Pires & Marcati 2005) and is among the few Brazilian Cerrado tree species with relatively shallow root systems (Jackson et al. 1999; Scholz 2006).…”

“…(Leguminosae) is a dominant tall evergreen savanna species exhibiting conspicuous branch dieback and tree mortality among larger individuals. It is a fast-growing pioneer species (Pires & Marcati 2005) and is among the few Brazilian Cerrado tree species with relatively shallow root systems Scholz 2006). The objective of this study was to identify potential causal relationships between size-related changes in tree hydraulic architecture, carbon allocation, growth, gas exchange, water deficits and mortality in S. paniculatum trees growing in a Cerrado site where fire has been excluded during the last 35 years.…”

Parâmetros genéticos e seleção inicial de procedências e progênies de taxibranco (<i>Tachigali vulgaris</i>) em Roraima

“…A madeira é caracterizada por apresentar elevado poder calorífico, podendo ser utilizada para diversos fins, incluindo produção de lenha e carvão e em obras civis (PIRES; MARCATI, 2005;OLIVEIRA et al, 2008). Farias et al (2016) sugerem que a espécie seja utilizada em plantios comerciais, no cerrado e na região Amazônica, em substituição ao eucalipto.…”