Produção de serapilheira em Floresta Ombrófila Mista, em São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Backes, Albano; Prates, Felipe L.; Viola, Mariana Gubert

doi:10.1590/s0102-33062005000100015

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…, Backes et al . ), whereas reduction in fruiting body production in native forest may be caused by declines in fungal metabolic rates due to lower temperatures and/or drier conditions (Lodge & Cantrell ). Not surprisingly, we observed fewer fruiting bodies during the winter months in NF and PA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Macrofungal Communities Following Forest Conversion into Tree Plantations in Southern Brazil

et al. 2015

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Conversion of diverse native forests to tree monocultures remains an ongoing, worldwide threat to biodiversity. Although the effects of forest conversion have been studied in a wide range of taxonomic groups, the effects on macrofungal communities remain poorly understood. We sampled macrofungal fruiting bodies in the National Forest of São Francisco de Paula in Southern Brazil over 12 months in four different forest habitats: native Araucaria angustifolia forest, A. angustifolia plantation, Pinus taeda or P. elliottii plantation, and Eucalyptus saligna plantation. The distribution of macrofungal species in different functional groups varied among habitats: the macrofungal species composition of the A. angustifolia plantation was more similar to that of the native forest, while the exotic Pinus or Eucalyptus plantations were less similar to the native forest. The conversion of native forest to exotic tree plantations reduced the number of macrofungal decomposer species, probably due to changes in substrate availability and quality. We conclude that fungal diversity and ecosystem functionality require the preservation of native, mature forests and suggest a shift of Brazilian forestry guidelines to encourage the plantations of native species instead of exotics.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Macrofungal Communities Following Forest Conversion into Tree Plantations in Southern Brazil

et al. 2015

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“…A quantidade de serapilheira produzida no presente estudo está dentro da faixa de valores encontrados por outros autores para diferentes espécies do gênero Eucalyptus (Poggiani, 1985;Poggiani et al, 1987;Schumacher et al, 1994;Souza & Davide, 2001;Balieiro et al, 2004;Zaia & GamaRodrigues, 2004;Santiago et al, 2011;Corrêa et al, 2013;Freitas et al, 2013 A fração folhas correspondeu, em média, a 66,9% da serapilheira total, seguida por galhos finos (14,7%), miscelânea (10,5%) e galhos grossos (7,9%). Maior produção de folhas encontrada neste trabalho corrobora com a verificada por outros estudos, em diferentes formações florestais, em que os autores observaram maiores porcentagens (variando de 60 a 80%) de folhas no material depositado (Andrade et al, 2000;Schumacher et al, 2003Schumacher et al, , 2004Backes et al, 2005;Pires et al, 2006;Ferreira et al, 2007;Fernandes et al, 2007;Vogel et al, 2007;Viera & Schumacher, 2010a;Schumacher et al, 2011).…”

Section: Deposição De Serapilheiraunclassified

Deposição de serapilheira e nutrientes em plantio de Eucalyptus urophylla × E. globulus

Viera

Schumacher

Araújo³

et al. 2014

Floresta Ambient.

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RESUMOObjetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar a deposição de serapilheira e nutrientes em plantio de Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus globulus, em Eldorado do Sul-RS. Foram alocadas sistematicamente quatro parcelas de 20 m × 20 m, cada uma com quatro coletores de serapilheira de 1 m 2 . A serapilheira foi coletada quinzenalmente, entre janeiro/2007 e dezembro/2010. A produção de serapilheira foi crescente, com o aumento da idade do povoamento, sendo 6,9 Mg ha -1 aos seis e 8,5 Mg ha -1 aos nove anos. A fração folhas correspondeu, em média, a 66,9% da serapilheira total, seguida pelos galhos finos (14,7%), miscelânea (10,5%) e galhos grossos (7,9%). A deposição apresentou padrão sazonal, sendo maior no período de aumento da temperatura do ar. A fração folhas foi responsável por maior parte do retorno de nutrientes via serapilheira, variando de 58,2 a 81,8% da quantidade de Cu e N, respectivamente.Palavras-chave: nutrição florestal, disponibilidade de nutrientes, sustentabilidade florestal, ciclagem de nutrientes. Deposition of Nutrients and Litter in Eucalyptus urophylla × E. globulus Plantation ABSTRACTIn the present study, we aimed to evaluate the deposition of nutrients and litter in Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus globulus stands, in the municipality of Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Four plots (20 m × 20 m) were systematically allocated and four 1 m 2 litter traps were installed in each plot. Litterfall was collected from the traps fortnightly between January 2006 and December 2010. Litter deposition increased proportionally to stand age: 6.9 Mg ha -1 at six and 8.5 Mg ha -1 at nine years of age. Leaf fraction represented 66.9% of the total litter on average, followed by twigs (14.7%), miscellaneous (10.5%), and thick branches (7.9%). Litter deposition showed seasonal behavior, increasing as the air temperature increased. The leaf fraction produced the highest nutrient release through litter, with average values of 58.2 and 81.8% for Cu and N, respectively.

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“…The climate is classified as Temperate Superhumid (Maluf 2000), with temperatures ranging from -3 to 18°C in winter months and 18.3-27°C in the summer months, and an annual average of 14.5°C. The region has high levels of rainfall in all months, with average monthly precipitation of more than 200 mm for all months of the year (Buriol et al 2009) and average annual precipitation of more than 2,200 mm (Backes et al 2005). We collected field data from October 2008 to February 2009 (127 nights) at a temporary stream that forms following heavy rainfall (29°25 0 41.3 00 S 50°23 0 44.5 00 W, 866 m above sea level) and the adjacent forest.…”

Section: Study Site and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diel pattern of migration in a poisonous toad from Brazil and the evolution of chemical defenses in diurnal amphibians

Santos

Grant

2010

Evol Ecol

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Most amphibians with biphasic life cycles have aquatic eggs and larvae and terrestrial adults that migrate between terrestrial habitats and aquatic breeding sites. Migration usually occurs at night in order to avoid desiccation and predation. However, some amphibians also migrate during the day, and it has been proposed that this may have evolved as a result of poisonous skin secretions and aposematic coloration that release individuals from visually oriented diurnal predators. Based on this hypothesis and recent observations of 24 h breeding activity in the poisonous, aposematic toad Melanophryniscus cambaraensis, we predicted that migration in this species would occur equally during the day and night. To test our prediction we documented the diel pattern of migratory activity over multiple explosive breeding events from October 2008 to February 2009 (127 nights) at a temporary stream in Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. We also obtained environmental data to determine if diel activity could be attributed to variation in rainfall, barometric pressure, temperature, and/or relative air humidity. Contrary to our prediction, migratory activity in M. cambaraensis is strongly diurnal. Although temperature and humidity varied significantly between day and night intervals, this variation does not account for the diurnal-only migratory activity of M. cambaraensis. We suggest that the diurnal-only migratory activity of M. cambaraensis is best explained by phylogeny, not contemporary functions or selective pressures. Diurnal activity is primitive for this species and evolved in the common ancestor of Agastorophrynia, prior to the chemical defenses found in toads (Bufonidae) and poison frogs (Dendrobatidae). This suggests that chemical defenses in these groups may have evolved as a result of the diurnal activity that brought them into contact with visually oriented diurnal predators, and not the other way around.

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Produção de serapilheira em Floresta Ombrófila Mista, em São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Cited by 29 publications

References 5 publications

Changes in Macrofungal Communities Following Forest Conversion into Tree Plantations in Southern Brazil

Changes in Macrofungal Communities Following Forest Conversion into Tree Plantations in Southern Brazil

Deposição de serapilheira e nutrientes em plantio de Eucalyptus urophylla × E. globulus

Diel pattern of migration in a poisonous toad from Brazil and the evolution of chemical defenses in diurnal amphibians

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