Incontinência urinária em mulheres que buscam exame preventivo de câncer de colo uterino: fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais

Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between socio-demographic and behavioral factors and the presence of self-reported urinary incontinence in 784 women undergoing cervical cancer screening in Greater Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Socio-demographic data, health status, physical activity, constipation, and body mass index were obtained, and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-SF was used. Prevalence of urinary incontinence was 30.7% (16.5% reported leakage once a week or less and 23.8% losses in small volumes). Poisson univariate regression showed the following factors associated with urinary incontinence: lower education, lower income, non-white skin color, overweight, worse health status, constipation, and older age. After adjustment, according to a hierarchical model, schooling, ethnicity, health status, and age remained significantly associated. The high prevalence of urinary incontinence in women seeking Pap smear tests justifies preventive approaches in these areas of intervention.

Prevalence of urinary incontinence among the elderly and relationship with physical and mental health indicators

“…In Bagé (Rio Grande do Sul), yellow, brown or indigenous skin color increased the occurrence of UI by 40% in relation to white elderly persons, corroborating the results of a study carried out in Florianópolis (SC) 9 . According to literature, white women have better knowledge about UI than black women and more frequently undergo surgical treatment 34 .…”

“…As for the frequency of urine loss, the prevalence of elderly people who reported suffering from this problem on a daily basis was higher than that observed in a study carried out with elderly women from a care center for the elderly in Pelotas (Rio Grande do Sul) 21 and women aged 18 to 89 years who sought cervical cancer screening in Florianópolis (Santa Catarina) 9 . The frequency and amount of urine leakage are due to several factors, such as: type of UI, elderly health status, comorbidities and degree of functional dependence 11 .…”

“…The International Continence Society defines UI as any involuntary leakage of urine 5 and the condition is multifactorial in origin. Specialized literature shows that the factors associated with its occurrence are: the female gender and advanced age [6][7][8] , non-Caucasian ethnicity 9 and the lack of or low levels of schooling [8][9][10] . Studies have shown UI as associated with diseases such as: infection of the urinary tract 11 , arterial hypertension 12 , diabetes mellitus 6,[12][13][14] , a history of cardiac disease 4 , obesity 4,6,10 , strokes 6,8,13,15 , respiratory problems 8,15 , depression 6 , cognitive deficit 16 , arthritis 12 , arthrosis/rheumatism 17 , prostatic hyperplasia 18 , a history of falls 4,17 , functional limitations, limited mobility or dependence 6,8,11,14,16,18 , comorbidity 19 and frailty 17 .…”

“…in addition to these conditions, UI may be associated with lifestyle habits such as sedentiarism 20 . There is also an association with polypharmacy 8 , gynecological surgery, hysterectomies and the menopause in women 20 , a negative self-assessment of health status 9,15,17 and poor quality of life 19 .…”

Urinary Incontinence in Elderly People: Care Practices and Care Proposal in Primary Health Care

“…Therefore, a precise investigation of the risk factors is needed in order to minimize the symptoms of UI. [13][14] Recycling and/or training can contribute to a more qualified care practice for elderly people. In the multidisciplinary context, since Primary Health Care (PHC), the professionals can develop interventions for the purpose of health promotion and self-care of elderly women with UI.…”