Cultura de seguridad del paciente y factores asociados en una red de hospitales públicos españoles

Abstract

The objectives were to describe Patient Safety Culture (PSC) in a regional network of public hospitals, according to the perceptions of health professionals, and analyze the influence of socio-professional factors. A survey was conducted with 1,113 professionals from eight Spanish hospitals, using a questionnaire that explores 12 dimensions of PSC. Perceptions were described through the Percentage of Positive (PPR) and Negative Responses (PNR) by dimension, and the association of factors was analyzed using multivariate linear regression. The dimension "Teamwork within the same Unit" had the highest PPR (73.5), and "Staffing" the highest PNR (61). The variables "Service" (Pharmacy, Surgical Center) and "Profession" (Nurses) were significantly associated to positive assessments. Thus, strategies to improve PSC should prioritize rational distribution of human resources, and take advantage of the positive perceived relationship within Units. Moreover, pharmaceutical and surgical services, as well as nurses should probably be benchmarked by other services and professionals.

Percepção de profissionais de enfermagem acerca de segurança do paciente em unidades de terapia intensiva

“…Thus, perceptions of survey participants were in line with the idea that patient safety is a consequence of the culture adopted by professionals, which can enable changes in the nursing process structure, in the posture adopted when faced with Adverse Events (AE), in the adoption of conceptions and in safe actions (2,7) . The safety culture stands out in this context, conceptualized as a product of attitudes, values, standards, individual and collective skills involved in safe care (2) .…”

“…The safety culture stands out in this context, conceptualized as a product of attitudes, values, standards, individual and collective skills involved in safe care (2) . Trough Class 1, the professionals showed a systemic understanding of patient safety that permeates organizational, structural and relational elements in health services (12) .…”

“…This has serious consequences: to the patient, causing them damage, often disabling; to the professionals involved in care, generating stress for these workers; and for health institutions, burdening a higher cost with these patients' hospitalization (2) . This fact has made patient safety (SP) the subject of several studies in the health field, in order to lead assistance to care that is safe and free of damage.…”

“…This fact has made patient safety (SP) the subject of several studies in the health field, in order to lead assistance to care that is safe and free of damage. In the meantime, the current SP concept indicates that the shortcomings of a care system's design, organization and operation are the main factors responsible for the occurrence of these events (2) . On the other hand, it is stressed that accountability of health professionals for any adverse event that may occur still prevails in health institutions, thereby prompting a punitive culture, and individual accountability.…”

“…Thus, in order for a patient safety culture to be consolidated, it is necessary for professionals to first understand the error and its consequences, involving them in an ethical commitment in the quest to improve the care provided, thereby overcoming the gap of unsafe care (2) . Thus, it is important to seek the understanding of how these workers visualize SP in their care practice to consolidate it as a guiding principle of health care in different care scenarios.…”