Impact of vaccination on the incidence of measles in Mozambique in the period 2000 to 2011

Muloliwa, Artur Manuel; Camacho, Luiz Antônio Bastos; Verani, José Fernando de Souza; Simões, Taynãna César; Dgedge, Martinho

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2013000200013

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This increased communication probably contributes to the high coverage rates observed in campaigns, while the routine vaccination programme continues to produce insufficient coverage. This may, in turn, contribute to disease outbreaks and the high morbidity from vaccine preventable diseases observed in some parts of Mozambique [15]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…National Health Weeks have replaced the campaigns which were carried out in 1998–99 and 2005, with the purpose of controlling or eliminating specific diseases such as measles and poliomyelitis [14,15]. This shift is in line with international policy, which has moved from specific disease campaigns to Periodic Intensification of Routine Immunisation [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using the COMMVAC taxonomy to map vaccination communication interventions in Mozambique

Muloliwa¹,

Cliff

Oku

et al. 2017

Global Health Action

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Background: Improved communication about childhood vaccination is fundamental to increasing vaccine uptake in low-income countries. Mozambique, with 64% of children fully vaccinated, uses a range of communication interventions to promote uptake of childhood immunisation. Objectives: Using a taxonomy developed by the ‘Communicate to Vaccinate’ (COMMVAC) project, the study aims to identify and classify the existing communication interventions for vaccination in Mozambique and to find the gaps. Methods: We used a qualitative research approach to identify the range of communication interventions used in Mozambique. In-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with key purposively selected personnel at national level and relevant documents were collected and analysed. These data were complemented with observations of communication during routine vaccination and campaigns in Nampula province. We used the COMMVAC taxonomy, which organises vaccination communication intervention according to its intended purpose and the population targeted, to map both routine and campaign interventions. Results: We identified interventions used in campaign and routine vaccination, or in both, fitting five of the seven taxonomy purposes, with informing or educating community members predominating. We did not identify any interventions that aimed to provide support or facilitate decision-making. There were interventions for all main target groups, although fewer for health providers. Overlap occurred: for example, interventions often targeted both parents and community members. Conclusions: We consider that the predominant focus on informing and educating community members is appropriate in the Mozambican context, where there is a high level of illiteracy and poor knowledge of the reasons for vaccination. We recommend increasing interventions for health providers, in particular training them in better communication for vaccination. The taxonomy was useful for identifying gaps, but needs to be more user-friendly if it is to be employed as a tool by health service managers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the COMMVAC taxonomy to map vaccination communication interventions in Mozambique

Muloliwa¹,

Cliff

Oku

et al. 2017

Global Health Action

Self Cite

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Synthesis of Evidence to Characterize National Measles and Rubella Exposure and Immunization Histories

Thompson

Odahowski²,

Goodson

et al. 2015

Risk Analysis

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Population immunity depends on the dynamic levels of immunization coverage that countries achieve over time and any transmission of viruses that occur within the population that induce immunity. In the context of developing a dynamic transmission model for measles and rubella to support analyses of future immunization policy options, we assessed the model inputs required to reproduce past behavior and to provide some confidence about model performance at the national level. We reviewed the data available from the World Health Organization (WHO) and existing measles and rubella literature for evidence of historical reported routine and supplemental immunization activities and reported cases and outbreaks. We constructed model input profiles for 180 WHO member states and three other areas to support disease transmission model development and calibration. The profiles demonstrate the significant variability in immunization strategies used historically by regions and member states and the epidemiological implications of these historical choices. The profiles provide a historical perspective on measles and rubella immunization globally at the national level, and they may help immunization program managers identify existing immunity and/or knowledge gaps.

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Spatial clustering of measles vaccination coverage among children in sub-Saharan Africa

2017

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BackgroundDuring the past two decades, vaccination programs have greatly reduced global morbidity and mortality due to measles, but recently this progress has stalled. Even in countries that report high vaccination coverage rates, transmission has continued, particularly in spatially clustered subpopulations with low vaccination coverage.MethodsWe examined the spatial heterogeneity of measles vaccination coverage among children aged 12–23 months in ten Sub-Saharan African countries. We used the Anselin Local Moran’s I to estimate clustering of vaccination coverage based on data from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2008 and 2013. We also examined the role of sociodemographic factors to explain clustering of low vaccination.ResultsWe detected 477 spatial clusters with low vaccination coverage, many of which were located in countries with relatively high nationwide vaccination coverage rates such as Zambia and Malawi. We also found clusters in border areas with transient populations. Clustering of low vaccination coverage was related to low health education and limited access to healthcare.ConclusionsSystematically monitoring clustered populations with low vaccination coverage can inform supplemental immunization activities and strengthen elimination programs. Metrics of spatial heterogeneity should be used routinely to determine the success of immunization programs and the risk of disease persistence.

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Impact of vaccination on the incidence of measles in Mozambique in the period 2000 to 2011

Abstract: The aim of this study was to contribute to the better planning of measles elimination actions in

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Using the COMMVAC taxonomy to map vaccination communication interventions in Mozambique

Using the COMMVAC taxonomy to map vaccination communication interventions in Mozambique

Synthesis of Evidence to Characterize National Measles and Rubella Exposure and Immunization Histories

Spatial clustering of measles vaccination coverage among children in sub-Saharan Africa

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