Prevalence of weight-loss strategies and use of substances for weight-loss among adults: a population study

Machado, Eduardo Coelho; Silveira, Mariângela Freitas da; Silveira, Vera Maria Freitas da

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2012000800003

Cited by 20 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…For example, females tended to initiate MA use to help them lose body weight, while males initiated it for fun or curiosity about the effects thereof; these results are similar to those of previous studies [11, 50–52]. Indeed, MA users sometimes lose weight dramatically when using the drug for a substantial period, as it causes loss of appetite [42, 53, 54].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Gender difference in early initiation of methamphetamine use among current methamphetamine users in Muse, Northern Shan State, Myanmar

Saw

Yasuoka

et al. 2017

Harm Reduct J

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BackgroundGlobally, methamphetamine (MA) use is a significant public health concern due to unprecedented health effects of its use. However, gender similarities and differences in early age of MA initiation and its risk factors among current MA users have been understudied in a developing country setting.MethodsA community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using a computer assisted self-interviewing program from January to March 2013 in Muse, Northern Shan State, Myanmar. A total of 1362 (775 male and 587 female) self-reported current MA users aged between 18 and 35 years were recruited using respondent-driven sampling. Two gender-stratified multiple logistic regression models (models I and II) were done for analysis.ResultsFor similarities, 73.0% of males and 60.5% of females initiated MA before their 18th birthday. The early age of MA initiation was positively associated with the reasons and places of the first time MA use among both genders. For differences, males [hazard ratio 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.18–1.54] had a significantly higher risk than females to initiate MA at earlier age. Among male users, participants who had bisexual/homosexual preferences were more likely to initiate MA use earlier. In contrast, female users who exchanged sex for money and/or drugs were more likely to initiate MA in earlier age.ConclusionsMore than 60.0% of male and female participants initiated MA use early; however, males initiated use earlier than females. Although similarities were found among both genders, differences found in key risk factors for early age MA initiation suggest that gender-specific, MA prevention programs are urgently needed in Myanmar.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Gender difference in early initiation of methamphetamine use among current methamphetamine users in Muse, Northern Shan State, Myanmar

Saw

Yasuoka

et al. 2017

Harm Reduct J

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“…This is of considerable relevance because accurate information in this area should assist in the evaluation of changes and trends worldwide, in setting priorities for public health initiatives and in planning management of weight control services. (16,19,23,24,32,34,35,38,46,52,53,58,59,86) 4 828 1.21 (16,38,52,58) Use laxatives or diuretics 2, 7 10 13,067 2.92 (15,16,34,35,38,46,52,53,58,86) 5 679 6.19 (15,16,38,52,58) Eat diet foods or products 1, 5 (15,16) *Prevalence indicates the number of respondents out of n study sample that reported using strategies for trying to lose or maintain weight. 1 Study (46) was not accounted for sample size or prevalence rate in this strategy because of assessment differences (several low-calorie foods were assessed separately).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of personal weight control attempts in adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2016

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SummaryThe purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to estimate the prevalence of personal weight control attempts (weight loss and/or maintenance) worldwide and to identify correlates, personal strategies used and the underlying motives. We included epidemiological/observational studies of adults (≥18 years) reporting prevalence of weight control attempts in the past‐year. Seventy‐two studies (n = 1,184,942) met eligibility criteria. Results from high quality studies showed that 42% of adults from general populations and 44% of adults from ethnic‐minority populations reported trying to lose weight, and 23% of adults from general populations reported trying to maintain weight annually. In general population studies, higher prevalence of weight loss attempts was observed in the decade of 2000–2009 (48.2%), in Europe/Central Asia (61.3%) and in overweight/obese individuals and in women (p < 0.01). Of the 37 strategies (grouped in 10 domains of the Oxford Food and Activity Behaviours Taxonomy) and 12 motives reported for trying to control weight, exercising and dieting (within the energy compensation and restraint domains, respectively) and wellbeing and long‐term health were the most prevalent. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to investigate weight control attempts worldwide. Key strategies and motives were identified which have implications for future public health initiatives on weight control.

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“…To achieve this desired body weight they may be using dieting strategies that are unhealthy (e.g., fasting) or extreme (e.g., laxatives) [12, 15, 16]. Extreme concern with weight, dieting and body perception can result in high-risk behaviours such as restrictive and disordered eating, binging, purging and ultimately eating disorders [8, 15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight-loss strategies of South African female university students and comparison of weight management-related characteristics between dieters and non-dieters

et al. 2016

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Background: Female university students are at risk for weight gain and use of inappropriate weight-loss strategies. By gaining a greater understanding of the weight-loss strategies used by and weight management related characteristics of these students, effective weight management interventions for this vulnerable group can be developed. Methods: Two hundred and fifty female students from South Africa universities, aged 18-25 years, participated in this cross-sectional study; 162 attempted weight loss during the year preceding the study (dieters) and 88 were non-dieters. Weight and height were measured and BMI (kg/m 2 ) computed. A self-administered questionnaire was used to record all other variables. Weight loss strategies were described for dieters and compared between BMI groups within the dieters group. Weight management related characteristics were compared between dieters and non-dieters. Statistical tests included Pearson Chi-square test, independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test (depending on distribution of the data). Predictors for a higher BMI and being overweight/obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ) were identified using regression models. Results: Healthy weight-loss strategies included increased exercise and fruit/vegetable intake and decreased intake of sugar and fat containing items; unhealthy methods included eating little food and skipping meals; and extreme weight loss strategies included laxatives and vomiting. The most commonly used weight-loss product was Herbex. Dieters were characterized by a higher BMI, overestimation of their weight (especially normal weight students), dissatisfaction with weight and select body parts, higher intake of breakfast and healthy foods, lower intake of unhealthy foods, higher levels of vigorous physical activity, higher use of select informal weight-loss information sources and experiencing more pressure to lose weight from mothers, siblings and friends. Predictors of higher BMI and/or increased risk for BMI ≥25 included weight-loss attempt during the past year, race, dissatisfaction with waist, perception of currently being "chubby," and higher frequencies of intake of a snack and fatty foods. Conclusion: Attempting weight-loss is common among female students and predicts BMI. Healthy (mainly), unhealthy and extreme weight loss methods are used. Dieters are characterized by a less realistic body image, lower body satisfaction, higher pressure to lose weight, use of informal weight-management information and a healthier life-style.

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Prevalence of weight-loss strategies and use of substances for weight-loss among adults: a population study

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Gender difference in early initiation of methamphetamine use among current methamphetamine users in Muse, Northern Shan State, Myanmar

Gender difference in early initiation of methamphetamine use among current methamphetamine users in Muse, Northern Shan State, Myanmar

Prevalence of personal weight control attempts in adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Weight-loss strategies of South African female university students and comparison of weight management-related characteristics between dieters and non-dieters

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