Fatores associados à interrupção precoce do aleitamento materno: um estudo de coorte de nascimento em dois municípios do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brasil

Abstract

Este estudo objetivou identificar a duração mediana e os fatores associados à interrupção precoce do aleitamento materno. Envolveu uma coorte de nascimento de 531 crianças acompanhadas até os dois anos de idade em dois municípios do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brasil. Utilizaram-se a análise de sobrevivência e o modelo multivariado de Cox. A duração mediana foi de 74,73, 211,25 e 432,63 dias, respectivamente, para o aleitamento materno exclusivo, misto complementado e total. A ausência materna ao pré-natal elevou em 173% (HR = 2,73; IC95%: 1,89-3,93) o risco de diminuir a duração do aleitamento materno exclusivo, em 83% (HR = 1,83; IC95%: 1,06-3,16) o risco da adoção do aleitamento misto complementado e em 38% (HR = 1,38; IC95%: 1,06-1,81) o risco da descontinuidade do aleitamento materno. O trabalho materno fora do domicílio e a área de residência urbana aumentaram o risco para interrupção precoce do aleitamento materno. A ampliação do acesso ao pré-natal e da rede de proteção às mães que trabalham fora do domicilio e àquelas que residem na área urbana poderia aumentar a duração da amamentação no Recôncavo da Bahia.

Prevalence and associated factors for early interruption of exclusive breastfeeding: meta-analysis on Brazilian epidemiological studies

“…1,326 articles in the database were identified, in which 25 were selected for qualitative synthesis 2,10-33 and 22 were included in the meta-analysis. 2,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][21][22][23]25,[27][28][29][30][31][32] The reasons for the exclusion of the articles were the absence of the association measurements, non-observational study designs, the EBF interruption assessment in groups of adolescent mothers and only breastfeeding analysis in the first month of life.…”

“…14 Regarding the mother's employment outside the home in the six months of postpartum, they cannot influence on the decision of EBF interruption, it is possible to suggest the imminence to return to work, which becomes inexorable the decision to include precociously other types of milk in the child's feeding scheme, especially cow milk, constraining the success of the supplemented breastfeeding and increasing the median duration of breastfeeding. 2 Therefore, the six months of maternity leave can contribute to the EBF maintenance. 37 Although women in informal work cannot benefit from this paid leave period, they often have to return to work earlier, in the studies it was not possible to analyze the type of work to identify if the informality is also associated to early interruption of EBF.…”

“…1,2 The EBF early discontinuation, defined as the abandonment of breastfeeding practice and the utterly or partially replacement of breast milk with other foods before the child is six months old,1 entails the deprivation of these beneficial elements and may bring damages to the mother and child's health. [1][2][3][4] The EBF is characterized by a single supply of breast milk, straight from the breast or milked from other sources without providing any other liquids or solids with the exception of drops of syrup or vitamins, oral rehydration salts, mineral supplements or medicine products. 1 It is emphasized that the EBF practice is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ministry of Health in Brazil (MHB).…”

“…Thus, it is pertinent to aggregate evidence and systematize information on the factors of exclusive breastfeeding duration, aiming to provide information to support the planning of future studies and public policies about exclusive breastfeeding in children's health and nutritional fields. 2 Therefore, the aim of the present study was to summarize Brazilian studies which analyzed the associated factors for early interruption of exclusive breastfeeding.…”

Práticas educativas segundo os “Dez passos para o sucesso do aleitamento materno” em um Banco de Leite Humano

“…Demétrio et al 24 também apontaram que a residência materna fora da capital representou fator de proteção ao aleitamento materno prolongado. Os autores justificaram tal achado em virtude da preservação da prática de vida saudá-vel e cooperação entre os indivíduos residentes nesses locais.…”