Mortalidade relacionada à asma, Brasil, 2000: um estudo usando causas múltiplas de morte

Abstract

Asthma is underestimated in mortality statistics that only look at the underlying cause of death. We studied deaths of residents in the Brazilian states of Ceará, Pernambuco, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Rio Grande do Sul, as IntroduçãoAs mortes por asma são ditas incomuns e raras, entretanto impregnadas de importância dada a possibilidade de serem evitadas na sua maioria 1,2 . Considera-se que a mortalidade devida a asma apresenta patamares semelhantes de magnitude em várias Unidades da Federação, sendo um problema de baixa, mas não desprezível magnitude 3,4 .As estatísticas de mortalidade têm origem nos dados informados por médicos na Declaração de Óbito (DO) 5,6 . Dentre os itens da DO, as causas de morte se revestem de extrema importância pelos subsídios que oferecem para a prevenção. Nesse sentido, a causa a ser apresentada nas estatísticas primárias de mortalidade é conceituada pela Organização Mundial da Saú- Em que pese o valor da causa básica para a prevenção da morte, o fato de ser única restringe a apresentação de toda a cadeia mórbida letal e impossibilita a compreensão ampla da história patológica fatal. Vários fatores relaciona-

Tendência temporal de asma em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil no período de 1998 a 2008

“…8 A Brazilian study assessed death certifi cates and included asthma as a cause of death, revealing a mortality rate of 2.29 per 100,000 inhabitants, standardized for the Brazilian population in 2000. 18 Asthma affects all ages, especially children and adolescents. 6 Although several studies on asthma prevalence have been performed worldwide, there is no consensus on a single accurate measure to defi ne this disease, a which is usually assessed with a medical diagnosis or the presence of its symptoms.…”

Prevalência de asma e fatores associados: estudo de base populacional em São Paulo, SP, 2008-2009

“…a In Brazil, in 2000, the mortality rate by asthma as the basic or associated cause was 2.29/100,000 inhabitants and the proportional 1,15 In view of the relevance of this problem in Brazil, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of asthma in children and adolescents and to identify associated factors. The study's participants were selected by means of a probability sample stratifi ed by gender and age using two-stage (census tract, household) cluster sampling.…”

Causas de óbitos entre asmáticos graves admitidos no Programa de Controle da Asma e da Rinite Alérgica na Bahia

“…In studies on mortality among patients with asthma, respiratory causes predominate, especially asthma, followed by ischemic heart diseases. (10,15) In the present study, we found that other markers of asthma severity, such as hospitalizations, emergency room visits and corticosteroid courses, were similar when compared to controls in the ProAR cohort (data not shown). (9) In general, in addition to the very severity of the disease, certain factors, such as inadequate and irregular medical monitoring, the lack of a written plan of action and noncompliance with treatment, can contribute to the fatal outcome.…”

“…The incidence of records for asthma as a secondary cause of death is higher in Brazil than in Australia, England and the United States. (10,13,14) In the present study, only the primary cause of death was considered and registered exactly as stated on the death certificates; interpretations and extrapolations on the causes of death, such as 'cardiorespiratory arrest', 'bronchospasm' and 'chronic obstructive pulmonary disease' were avoided. Severe asthma is expressed in various phenotypes, such as fixed airflow obstruction, exaggerated lability of the disease and resistance to corticosteroids.…”

“…(9) In Brazil, there have been few studies evaluating asthma-related mortality in terms of its characteristics and the conditions under which such mortality occurs. (10) Considering the influence of severe persistent asthma on various health markers and the scarcity of local data that would enable J Bras Pneumol. 2007;33(4):372-379 16, 10 were male and 6 were female.…”