Flebotomíneos (Diptera, Psychodidae) de área endêmica de leishmaniose na região dos cerrados, Estado do Maranhão, Brasil

Abstract

Apresentam-se dez espécies do gênero Lutzomyia França, 1924, encontradas nos cerrados do nordeste maranhense. As capturas foram realizadas das 18h às 6h, uma vez por mês, durante nove meses, nos municípios de Aldeias Altas, Capinzal do Norte, Caxias, Codó, Coelho Neto, Timbiras, Timon e Tuntum, áreas endêmicas das leishmanioses visceral e tegumentar. No total, foram capturados 1.868 espécimens em armadilhas luminosas tipo CDC, sendo 377 no intradomicílio (64,7% machos e 35,3% fêmeas) e 1.491 no peridomicílio (73% machos e 27% fêmeas). As espécies encontradas foram as que seguem: Lutzomyia cortelezii, Lutzomyia evandroi, Lutzomyia goiana, Lutzomyia intermedia, Lutzomyia lenti, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia longipennis, Lutzomyia squamiventris, Lutzomyia termitophila e Lutzomyia whitmani. As mais abundantes no intra e no peridomicílios foram L. longipalpis (67,4% e 70,2%, respectivamente) e L. whitmani (31% e 24,7%, respectivamente). L. longipalpis ocorreu em todos os meses estudados, nas estações seca e chuvosa, e em todas as localidades trabalhadas.

Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a cerrado area of the Maranhão state, Brazil

“…The annual occurrence of Lu. longipalpis suggests that the visceral leishmaniasis transmission is not dependent on the rainy period, even though an increased sand fl y population has been collected during the highest pluviometric index season, as previously reported (Rebêlo et al 1999b. Lutzomyia whitmani occurred almost all year round and mostly in the rainy season, as already observed in cerrado region (Rebêlo et al 1999b) and in the Amazonian areas of Maranhão (Rebêlo et al 2001).…”

Horizontal stratification of the sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a transitional vegetation between caatinga and tropical rain forest, state of Bahia, Brazil

“…However, in the state of Maranhão, that comprises areas of transition between the humid Amazon Forest and the caatinga, Rebelo et al (1999) realized surveys about the sand flies in areas of ACL and AVL, respectively. Ribeiro and Missawa (2002) researched in the state of Mato Grosso the spatial distribution of the sand flies in an area of Amazon Forest, savanna and Marsh Land.…”

Sand fly captures with Disney traps in area of occurrence of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, mid-western Brazil

“…This is a strictly wild species, found mostly in humid forests, especially those temporarily flooded 27 . However, it has been shown to be resistant to ecological changes and adaptable to different types of vegetation 22,28,29 . It is found in anthropic environment 6,28,[30][31][32] , which could contribute to increasing its distribution area in the country.…”

“…In captures conducted with light traps, the result is always lower and the specimens are collected in both forested areas and anthropic environment, especially in the mid-western and north-eastern regions 6,28,34 .…”