Comportamento ingestivo e digestibilidade de nutrientes em vacas submetidas a diferentes níveis de concentrado

Goularte, Sandra Regina; Ítavo, Luís Carlos Vinhas; Ítavo, Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira; Dias, Alexandre Menezes; Morais, M.G.; Santos, Geraldo Tadeu dos; Oliveira, Lincoln Carlos Silva de

doi:10.1590/s0102-09352011000200020

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…This decrease in digestibility may be related to the greater growth of amylolytic microorganisms and competition with cellulolytic microorganisms (MERTENS, 1994). In the present study, the observed NDF digestibility was above the average 63.80% reported by Goularte et al (2011), who increased the concentrate content (30, 40, 50, and 60%) in the diet of non-lactating dairy cows in the feedlot receiving corn silage, and 49.31% cited by Bürger et al (2000), who increased the dietary concentrate content (30,45,60,75, and 90%) of feedlot Holstein calves fed coast-cross grass hay. Despite this discrepancy in NDF digestibility values observed in the present study and some described in the literature, and considering the very high values obtained here, it should be stressed that the Tanzania grass used had an elevated nutritional value (Table 2), and its supply allowed great selectivity by the animals, unlike studies cited previously.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 41%

Supplementation levels for non-lactating cows grazing during the rainy season

Silva

Cabral

Sousa

et al. 2017

SCA

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This study aimed to evaluate levels of concentrate supplementation (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 kg day −1 ) for grazing dairy cows kept on Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzania pasture during the rainy season on nutrient intake and digestibility and rumen parameters. Four rumen cannulated non-lactating Holstein × Zebu crossbred cows were used in this study by a 4X4 Latin square design, which presented an average initial body weight of 521.69±31.98 kg. Each period lasted 17 days, being the first 10 days were used for animal adaptation and the remaining seven days for data collection. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of supplementation levels on total dry matter intake, although forage dry matter intake has been linearly decreased (P < 0.05). Treatments have no effect (P > 0.05) on the digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, or ether extract. There was a linear increase (P < 0.05) on daily rumination time and total rumination times according to supplementation levels. There was no significant effect of supplementation levels (P > 0.05) or time after supplementation on rumen pH. Rumen ammonia nitrogen concentration responded quadratically (P < 0.05) to times after supplementation, with a maximum estimated concentration of 17.61 mg dL −1 at 3.87 h after supplementation. Increasing supplementation levels for grazing dairy cows reduces forage intake but has no negative effects on total dry matter intake or rumen-fluid pH. Key words: Concentrate. Herbage intake. Rumen parameters. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar o efeito de níveis de suplementação concentrada (1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 kg dia -1 ) em vacas leiteiras mantidas em pasto de Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzânia no período das águas, sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e parâmetros ruminais. Foram utilizadas quatro vacas mestiças Holandês x Zebu, não lactantes, com peso corporal médio de 521,69±31,98 kg no início do experimento distribuídas aleatoriamente em delineamento em quadrado latino 4X4. Cada período teve duração de 17 dias, sendo os 10 dias iniciais para adaptação dos animais aos tratamentos e os sete dias restantes para coletas de dados. Não houve efeito (P > 0,05) dos níveis de suplementação sobre o consumo de matéria seca total com redução linear (P < 0,05) no consumo de matéria seca de forragem. Não houve efeito (P > 0,05) dos tratamentos nos coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta e extrato etéreo. Houve aumento linear (P < 0,05) do tempo de ruminação diurna e total com o aumento dos níveis de suplementação. Não houve efeito significativo dos níveis de suplementação (P > 0,05) e tempo após a suplementação sobre o pH ruminal. A concentração de nitrogênio amoniacal ruminal apresentou comportamento quadrático (P < 0,05) em relação aos tempos após a alimentação, sendo estimado valor máximo de 17,61 mg dL -1 no tempo 3,87 horas após a alimentação. O aumento dos níveis de suplementação para vacas leiteiras mantidas a pasto reduz o consumo de forragem, sem afetar negativamente o c...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 41%

Supplementation levels for non-lactating cows grazing during the rainy season

Silva

Cabral

Sousa

et al. 2017

SCA

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“…The eating and feeding time included biting, chewing and swallowing of the bolus. Idling consisted of the time spent not feeding, ócio representou o tempo de não apreensão e ingestão e o de não ruminação (GOULARTE et al, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Ingestive behavior of Guzerat and Sindhi heifers under the effects of feed restriction

Cândido

Neto

Bezerra

et al. 2012

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of feed restriction on the ingestive behavior of Guzerat and Sindhi heifers. A total of 36 heifers were used, 18 from each breed, randomly distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme. The treatments used were 20 and 40% restriction compared to intake by animals from the third group, which were fed ad libitum (without restriction). For the behavioral analysis, the scan sampling method was used by logging and recording times in five-minute intervals during 24 hours, thus estimating the time spent feeding, ruminating and idling. With regard to the imposed restrictions, it was observed that non-restricted animals showed greater feeding time and lower resting time (p < 0.05); the two breeds showed the same feeding efficiency. When subjected to levels up to 40% of feed restriction, both studied genotypes perform similarly with regard to ingestive behavior, feeding efficiency and cud chews. However, there was an effect of the restriction levels on the patterns of ingestive behavior and cud chews, although there were no changes to feeding efficiency or chewing time per cud.

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“…According to Goulart et al (2011), an increase in the proportion of concentrate in the diet resulted in a linear decrease of ingestion and rumination in dairy cows. The increase in the proportion of concentrate in the diet reduced the physical effective fiber concentration, thus causing a reduction in rumination time (WELCH;HOOPER, 1988;PEREIRA et al, 2007b;SANTANA JÚNIOR et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of concentrate levels in diet and body biotypes on productive variables of Guzera beef cattle

Homem¹,

Neto²,

Pinheiro³

et al. 2016

SCA

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The goal of this study was evaluate diets (50 or 80% of concentrate) and body biotypes (late or early) on performance, behavior, carcass condition, meat quality, and feed cost estimates in feedlot finishing Guzera beef cattle. Use of concentrates in the diet may improve performance and carcass fat scores in ruminant animals, but Guzera beef cattle may be more efficient in forage conversion, which directly influences the economic viability of the production system. We evaluated 32 non-castrated male Guzera beef cattle at 32±2 months of age. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments and six replicates in a 2 × 2 factorial design (2 diets × 2 body biotypes). Initial and final body weights were 459.4±31.2 kg and 566.7±40.8 kg, respectively. There was no change (P > 0.05) in dry matter intake, feed conversion, or daily weight gain when the concentrate in the diet was increased to 80%. Animals fed a diet with 80% of concentrate spent less time (P < 0.05) ruminating (17.8±6.3 vs. 6.3±2.7% of the assessed time). Body biotype did not alter the variables. The rise from 50 to 80% in the proportion of dietary concentrate increased carcass fat, with positive returns in the production process, even given the reduction in rumination, which can lead to poor welfare of animals consuming 80% of dietary concentrate. Body biotype did not affect the variables studied, but it is worth emphasizing that the age at slaughter of these animals probably influenced this result. Thus, selection of the best diet should be based on feeding cost, and in accordance with the cost estimated in this study, the diet with 80% of concentrate is the most suitable for feedlot finished Guzera beef cattle. ou tardio) sobre o desempenho, comportamento, carcaça, qualidade de carne e estimativas de custos com alimento na terminação de bovinos de corte da raça Guzerá confinados. Aumentar os níveis de concentrado na dieta pode melhorar o desempenho e a gordura na carcaça em animais ruminantes, porém animais de corte da raça Guzerá podem ser mais eficientes na conversão de forragem, o que influenciaria diretamente a viabilidade econômica do sistema de produção. Foram utilizados 32 bovinos de corte da raça Guzerá, machos não castrados com 32±2 meses de idade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com 4 tratamentos e 6 repetições, em esquema fatorial 2x2 (2 dietas x 2 biótipos corporais). O peso corporal inicial e final foi de 459,4±31,2 kg e 566,7±40,8 kg, respectivamente. Não houve alteração (P > 0,05) no consumo de matéria seca, conversão alimentar e ganho de peso diário pelo aumento de 80% de concentrado na dieta. Animais alimentados com 80% de concentrado na dieta passou um tempo menor (P < 0,05) em ruminação (17,8±6,3 vs 6,3±2,7% do tempo avaliado). O biótipo corporal não modificou (P > 0,05) as variáveis estudadas. O aumento de 50 para 80% na proporção de concentrado na dieta aumenta a gordura na carcaça, com retorno positivo no processo de produção, mesmo com uma redução de ruminação, o que pode leva...

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Comportamento ingestivo e digestibilidade de nutrientes em vacas submetidas a diferentes níveis de concentrado

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Supplementation levels for non-lactating cows grazing during the rainy season

Supplementation levels for non-lactating cows grazing during the rainy season

Ingestive behavior of Guzerat and Sindhi heifers under the effects of feed restriction

Influence of concentrate levels in diet and body biotypes on productive variables of Guzera beef cattle

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