Raiva bovina segundo os mosaicos de uso e cobertura da terra no estado de São Paulo entre 1992 e 2003

Abstract

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a influência dos mosaicos de uso e de cobertura da terra na distribuição espacial da raiva bovina na região de maior incidência do Estado de São Paulo, entre 1992 e 2003. Geotecnologias foram utilizadas para gerar três camadas sobrepostas: a enfermidade caracterizada por uma função kernel, os tipos de uso e classes de cobertura da terra obtidos por classificação de imagens de satélites e a altitude. A enfermidade esteve fortemente moldada pelas áreas de vegetação rasteira (pastagens). O relevo pareceu formar os mosaicos de uso e cobertura da terra, os quais acabaram determinando os locais de grassamento ou não da enfermidade. Grandes áreas contínuas do mesmo tipo de uso e classe de cobertura da terra tenderam a ser protetoras da raiva bovina, ou favorecedoras em áreas vizinhas.

Epidemiological study of rabies in cattle in southern Brazil: spatial and temporal distribution from 2008 to 2017

“…Additionally, although some works carried out in the state of RS have suggested that most cases of rabies occur between fall and winter (Marcolongo-Pereira et al 2011) and spring and summer months (Rech et al 2006), the disease does not present seasonality in the southern region of RS (p>0.05). The absence of seasonality was also observed in studies conducted in the Northeast region of Brazil (Lima et al 2005) and in the state of São Paulo (Gomes et al 2011) and Mato Grosso do Sul (Mori & Lemos 1998).…”

“…A study conducted in the state of Paraná over a period of 35 years suggests cyclicity of the disease every 18 years (Dognani et al 2016). On the other hand, studies conducted in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul (Mori & Lemos 1998, Neves 2008, Ribas et al 2013, São Paulo (Gomes et al 2011), and Paraíba (Galiza et al 2010) suggest a period of 5-7 years for cyclicity of rabies in cattle.…”

“…This data shows that the virus spread to areas without prior record of the disease. This may have been due to a lack of measures against the bat populations that survive under favorable conditions and cross geographical barriers, favoring dissemination of the virus (Fernandes & Riet-Correa 2007, Gomes et al 2011, Dognani et al 2016) and a lack of systematic preventive vaccination of the cattle. From 2015, the number of municipalities experiencing outbreaks dropped again, which is probably due to the control measures undertaken in view of the outbreaks diagnosed in the previous years.…”

“…Research on the spatial and time distribution of rabies conducted in the states of Minas Gerais, São Paulo, and Bahia shows the influence of factors such as climate, temperature, and rainfall on the occurrence of outbreaks of rabies in certain areas (municipalities), seasons (seasonality), and throughout the years (cyclicity) (Silva et al 2001, Menezes et al 2008, Gomes et al 2011, Teixeira et al 2015.…”

Geographical Analysis for Detecting High-Risk Areas for Bovine/Human Rabies Transmitted by the Common Hematophagous Bat in the Amazon Region, Brazil

“…In the specific case of rabies transmitted by D . rotundus , however, Gomes [ 13 ] concluded that the areas impacted by agricultural activities might produce new features or variables, which create the conditions for the establishment of areas with different degrees of risk for bovine rabies.…”